Advances in Printed Electronic Textiles

Abstract

Electronic textiles (e‐textiles) have emerged as a revolutionary solution for personalized healthcare, enabling the continuous collection and communication of diverse physiological parameters when seamlessly integrated with the human body. Among various methods employed to create wearable e‐textiles, printing offers unparalleled flexibility and comfort, seamlessly integrating wearables into garments. This has spurred growing research interest in printed e‐textiles, due to their vast design versatility, material options, fabrication techniques, and wide‐ranging applications. Here, a comprehensive overview of the crucial considerations in fabricating printed e‐textiles is provided, encompassing the selection of conductive materials and substrates, as well as the essential pre‐ and post‐treatments involved. Furthermore, the diverse printing techniques and the specific requirements are discussed, highlighting the advantages and limitations of each method. Additionally, the multitude of wearable applications made possible by printed e‐textiles is explored, such as their integration as various sensors, supercapacitors, and heated garments. Finally, a forward‐looking perspective is provided, discussing future prospects and emerging trends in the realm of printed wearable e‐textiles. As advancements in materials science, printing technologies, and design innovation continue to unfold, the transformative potential of printed e‐textiles in healthcare and beyond is poised to revolutionize the way wearable technology interacts and benefits.

Advances in triboelectric nanogenerators for self‐powered wearable respiratory monitoring

“…[36][37][38] An abundant selection of wearable respiratory devices currently exists for measuring both mechanical and chemical respiratory information. [39][40][41][42] Wearable respiration devices show several advantages over their stationary counterparts which are commonly used in hospitals. [43][44][45][46] The most basic test, spirometry, to assessments using significantly more complicated machinery like plethysmography, all suffer from an inability to acquire consistent respiratory information.…”

“…An abundant selection of wearable respiratory devices currently exists for measuring both mechanical and chemical respiratory information 39–42 . Wearable respiration devices show several advantages over their stationary counterparts which are commonly used in hospitals 43–46 .…”

One-Pot Synthesis of Functionalised rGO/AgNPs Hybrids as Pigments for Highly Conductive Printing Inks

“…Indeed, conductive inks are widely used for the fabrication of a broad range of devices for specialized applications, from sensors, integrated circuits, wearable electronics, radiofrequency identification tags, to energy harvesting/storage systems [9,10,[13][14][15][16][17][18][19]. For example, Barmpakos et al [9,10] showed that commercial graphene and f -rGO [6] can perfectly act as temperature sensors as well as heaters with a stable response and durability to thermal stressing for ink-jet printed devices.…”

Smart Janus textiles for biofluid management in wearable applications

“… 1 , 2 , 3 , 4 , 5 , 6 , 7 , 8 These textiles, fabricated into wearable sensors, enable real-time, continuous monitoring of critical health parameters such as brainwave and muscle activity, temperature, biophotons, and specific biomarkers in sweat or breath, which is vital for managing abnormal physiological states. 9 , 10 , 11 , 12 , 13 , 14 , 15 , 16 , 17 , 18 , 19 , 20 , 21 Additionally, textile-based lab-on-chip systems have been developed, integrating microfluidics for immediate, on-site analysis of biomarkers using minute biofluid samples, including sweat, saliva, or blood. 22 , 23 In wound care, intelligent bandages and biosensor-equipped dressings are transformative, enabling monitoring of healing and infection detection without the need for dressing removal, thus promoting personalized medical care.…”