Advances in organic photovoltaic cells: a comprehensive review of materials, technologies, and performance

Abstract

The paper analyzes the key features, performance, efficiency, and electrical characteristics of organic PV cells to highlight the latest trends and advancements by using comparative tables and a comprehensive SWOT analysis.

Recent developments in non-fullerene-acceptor-based indoor organic solar cells

“…As a result, IOSCs may be designed to absorb light in certain wavelength ranges [46]. In contrast, outdoor OSCs must cover a broader spectrum, including ultraviolet (UV), visible, and infrared (IR) regions, to effectively utilize the full spectrum of sunlight [47]. In addition, the stability requirements and environmental factors experienced by IOSCs and outdoor OSCs vary significantly.…”

“…To control molecular aggregation, the bulky substituents are useful [94,110]. Based on this structure, several kinds of NFAs can also be used to produce high-performing IOSCs with significant adjustments [47,102]. Future improvements to electron-donating units, electron-withdrawing units, bulky substituents, and other aspects may be developed to further enhance NFA performance [92,102].…”

“…IOSCs have gained large PCEs since the establishment of NFAs, and the yearly expectation for their commercialization is growing [97]. However, there are very few data on actual situations, and the best performance of the NFA-based IOSC was only ever attained on the laboratory scale [47]. The development of large-scale manufacturing procedures that do not impair IOSC performance is particularly important for the deployment of large-area IOSCs.…”

A review on diverse streams of interface engineering for organic thin-film transistors

“…26–35 Interface engineering in OTFTs often focuses on controlling and manipulating the electrical characteristics related to the switching function, while in OLEDs and OPVs, one of the key aspects of interface engineering is maximizing energy conversion for light emission and electricity generation, respectively. 36,37 OTFTs incorporate multiple heterogeneous materials for the constituent layers, each with designed roles, which accompanies the formation of multiple interfaces between them. These interfaces exist as spatial regions where charge carriers can experience intended and/or unintended practical impacts.…”

Improvement of morphological structure and electrochemical charge storage performance of a new poly(terthiophene)-based conducting film through side-chain engineering

“…Recently, they have also been preferred as redox-active electrode materials in supercapacitors. 5–15…”