Advances in Organic Crystal Chemistry

Tamura, Rui; Miyata, Mikiji

doi:10.1007/978-4-431-55555-1

Cited by 23 publications

(8 citation statements)

References 16 publications

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“…The stochastic nature of nucleation becomes apparent experimentally for small JV values (e.g., below 100–1000 mL), as is graphically represented in Figure . This is reflected by a variation in induction times or MZWs.…”

Section: Nucleationmentioning

confidence: 88%

“…They are used to do high-throughput screening, with low material consumption, and to obtain fundamental insights into the mechanism of nucleation 2,45,66,97,100-103 . In small volumes the observation zone for nucleation detection is reduced significantly, which results in more accurate crystal detection 67 . Another advantage is that impurities that act as heterogeneous nucleation sites can be removed more easily.…”

Section: Part Ii: Microfluidic and Microvial Crystallizersmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Droplets of varying volumes (from nL to "L droplets) are generated with emulsion-based methods (high-throughput generation) 115 . For even smaller volumes (pL-fL) microinjection is used (generally low-throughput generation) 67,115 . Both stagnant and moving droplets have been used.…”

Section: Isothermal Droplet Techniquementioning

confidence: 99%

“…Candoni et al note that in extremely small volumes (in the range of 100nL) there is a kinetic limitation to induction time studies: the induction times become extremely long 67 . For even smaller volumes (pL-fL) apart from this kinetic limitation also a thermodynamic limitation exists (the confinement effect) 67,151 .…”

Section: Scale-up?mentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Stirring increases the nucleation rate, both in small (e.g. 10mL 152 ) and large volume crystallizer 67 . Secondary nucleation is strongly affected by agitation.…”

Section: Stirring?mentioning

confidence: 99%

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A Review of Experimental Methods for Nucleation Rate Determination in Large-Volume Batch and Microfluidic Crystallization

Devos

Gerven

Kuhn

2021

Crystal Growth & Design

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Experimental nucleation rate determination for crystallization in solution has been acknowledged as an important topic for a long time, as it improves the design and control of industrial crystallization processes, and offers insights into the mechanisms of nucleation. Characterization of nucleation rates in large volume batch crystallizers has been widely studied in the past, which has led to the development of a variety of models linking the nucleation rate to the metastable zone width and induction time. These methods remain important due to their role in industrial crystallization. More recently, the use of microfluidic platforms has resulted in the development of methods to obtain nucleation rates based on the stochastic nature of nucleation. This has opened new pathways for understanding nucleation on a molecular level. This review presents a critical overview of nucleation rate determination methods: large volume batch crystallizer models (Part I), and microfluidic and microvial models (Part II) are presented in terms of equations, advantages and limitations. Published experimental nucleation rate values are summarized (SI). A critical discussion of experimental nucleation rate determination is given (Part III). The objective of the review is to be a starting point for researchers attempting to experimentally characterize nucleation behavior.

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Section: Nucleationmentioning

confidence: 88%

Section: Part Ii: Microfluidic and Microvial Crystallizersmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Isothermal Droplet Techniquementioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Scale-up?mentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Stirring increases the nucleation rate, both in small (e.g. 10mL 152 ) and large volume crystallizer 67 . Secondary nucleation is strongly affected by agitation.…”

Section: Stirring?mentioning

confidence: 99%

See 3 more Smart Citations

A Review of Experimental Methods for Nucleation Rate Determination in Large-Volume Batch and Microfluidic Crystallization

Devos

Gerven

Kuhn

2021

Crystal Growth & Design

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2D Single‐Crystalline Molecular Semiconductors with Precise Layer Definition Achieved by Floating‐Coffee‐Ring‐Driven Assembly

Wang

Qian

Zhang

et al. 2016

Adv Funct Materials

145

185

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2D organic materials with in‐plane van der Waals forces among molecules have unique characteristics that ensure a brilliant future for multifunctional applications. Soluble organic semiconductors can be used to achieve low‐cost and high‐throughput manufacturing of electronic devices. However, achieving solution‐processed 2D single‐crystalline semiconductors with uniform morphology remains a substantial challenge. Here, the fabrication of 2D molecular single‐crystal semiconductors with precise layer definition by using a floating‐coffee‐ring‐driven assembly is presented. In particular, bilayer molecular films exhibit single‐crystalline features with atomic smoothness and high film uniformity over a large area; field‐effect transistors yield average and maximum carrier mobilities of 4.8 and 13.0 cm2 V−1 s−1, respectively. This work demonstrates the strong potential of 2D molecular crystals for low‐cost, large‐area, and high‐performance electronics.

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Exciton Binding Energy in Organic Polymers: Experimental Considerations and Tuning Prospects

Kashani,

Rech,

Liu

et al. 2023

Advanced Energy Materials

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Discrepancies in reported values of exciton binding energy (Eb) for organic semiconductors (OSs) necessitate a comprehensive study. Traditionally, Eb is defined as the difference between the transport gap (Et) and the optical gap (Eopt). Here, the Eb values of PBnDT‐TAZ polymer variants are determined using two commonly employed methods: a combination of ultraviolet photoemission spectroscopy and low‐energy inverse photoemission spectroscopy (UPS‐LEIPS) and solid‐state cyclic voltammetry (CV). Eb values obtained by UPS‐LEIPS show low dispersion and no clear correlation with the polymer structure and thedielectric properties. In contrast, CV reveals a larger dispersion (200 meV‐1 eV) and an apparent qualitative Eb‐molecular structure correlation, as the lowest Eb values are observed for oligo‐ethylene glycol side chains. This discrepancy is discussed by examining the implications of the traditional definition of Eb. Additionally, the impact of both intrinsic and extrinsic factors contributing to the derived experimental values of Et is discussed. The differences in intrinsic and extrinsic factors highlight the context‐dependent nature of measurement when drawing global conclusions. Notably, the observed Eb trend derived from CV is not intrinsic to the pure materials but likely linked to electrolyte swelling and associated changes in dielectric environment, suggesting that high‐efficiency single‐material organic photovoltaics with low Eb may be possible via high dielectric materials.

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Advances in Organic Crystal Chemistry

Cited by 23 publications

References 16 publications

A Review of Experimental Methods for Nucleation Rate Determination in Large-Volume Batch and Microfluidic Crystallization

A Review of Experimental Methods for Nucleation Rate Determination in Large-Volume Batch and Microfluidic Crystallization

2D Single‐Crystalline Molecular Semiconductors with Precise Layer Definition Achieved by Floating‐Coffee‐Ring‐Driven Assembly

Exciton Binding Energy in Organic Polymers: Experimental Considerations and Tuning Prospects

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