Advances in Optical Coherence Tomography Imaging Technology and Techniques for Choroidal and Retinal Disorders

Abstract

Optical coherence tomography (OCT) imaging has played a pivotal role in the field of retina. This light-based, non-invasive imaging modality provides high-quality, cross-sectional analysis of the retina and has revolutionized the diagnosis and management of retinal and choroidal diseases. Since its introduction in the early 1990s, OCT technology has continued to advance to provide quicker acquisition times and higher resolution. In this manuscript, we discuss some of the most recent advances in OCT technology and techniques for choroidal and retinal diseases. The emerging innovations discussed include wide-field OCT, adaptive optics OCT, polarization sensitive OCT, full-field OCT, hand-held OCT, intraoperative OCT, at-home OCT, and more. The applications of these rising OCT systems and techniques will allow for a closer monitoring of chorioretinal diseases and treatment response, more robust analysis in basic science research, and further insights into surgical management. In addition, these innovations to optimize visualization of the choroid and retina offer a promising future for advancing our understanding of the pathophysiology of chorioretinal diseases.

Severe Subconjunctival Hemorrhage After Intravitreal Injection in a Patient With Hemophilia A

“…16 Last, the use of home or remote optical coherence tomography has the potential to allow as-needed regimens for intravitreal injections in patients with lower treatment needs. 17 In conclusion, this case report highlights the potential complications of intravitreal injections in patients with preexisting hemophilia. We believe the benefits of pretreatment with a factor such as factor VIII along with hematology consultation outweigh any risks and improve the patient's clinical experience and safety.…”

“…16 Last, the use of home or remote optical coherence tomography has the potential to allow as-needed regimens for intravitreal injections in patients with lower treatment needs. 17…”

Pachychoroid Associated With Acute Retinal Necrosis Secondary to Varicella Zoster Virus

“…Although this appears to be a novel case, recent improvements in OCT could explain why similar choroidal alterations in this setting have not been previously documented in the literature. 9 With awareness of this finding, detection of future cases may become more common.…”

OCT from the Past to the Future

“…Polarization-sensitive OCT analyses the tissue polarization and depolarization quantitively of the retinal pigment epithelial layers. Doppler OCT and, In-vivo retinal images developing technologies are coming [14].…”