Advances in Nonviral mRNA Delivery Materials and Their Application as Vaccines for Melanoma Therapy

Neill, Bevin; Romero, Adriana Retamales; Fenton, Owen S.

doi:10.1021/acsabm.3c00721

Cited by 6 publications

(6 citation statements)

References 193 publications

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“…Breast cancer patients require immune-mediated tumor cell surveillance and clearance to avoid recurrence following treatment [31]. mRNA vaccines have signi cant advantages in inhibiting tumor growth by eliciting immune responses, and various investigations in murine models or clinical trials, such as non-small cell lung cancer (NSCLC) [6,32], glioblastoma [33], melanoma [9], and prostate cancer [34], have demonstrated their e cacy. However, in the instance of breast cancer, more research into mRNA vaccines is needed.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Moreover, tumor antigens have been discovered to have less drug resistance and nancial cost [7]. Dendritic cells, peptides, DNA, and RNA are all sources for antigenic tumor vaccines [8], and mRNA vaccines, in particular, appear to have a better application potential than other immunizations due to their rapid modi cation, constant replication, low cost, and safe injection [9].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Identification of novel tumor antigens and immune subtypes in breast cancer patients for mRNA vaccine development

Yu,

Liu,

et al. 2024

Preprint

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Background:Breast cancer has overtaken lung cancer as the world's most common malignancy. Despite the development of some mRNA vaccines, no satisfactory vaccination for breast cancer has entered clinical application. Methods:In this study, we used multiple analyses of expression datasets from public sources to find new possible tumor antigens for breast cancer and to hunt for potential treatment-sensitive patients. Results: We identified the antigens DST, ANO6, LAMA3, and NEDD9 as putative candidates. Furthermore, we found five predictive genes to identify specific patients inclined for vaccination, namely TRBC2, CD3D, CD27, CD3E, and TRBV28. Following that, we discovered three immunological subtypes of breast cancer, Cluster 1 and Cluster 3, which were recognized as "cold tumors" with minimal immune activity and were more likely to respond to vaccination. We uncovered that Cluster 1 and Cluster 3 could be further separated into two subgroups, each with distinct immune cell infiltration patterns, suggesting that vaccine responses could differ among these patients. The findings of our study lay theoretical foundation for the development of mRNA vaccine and provide new opportunities for personalized treatment.

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Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Identification of novel tumor antigens and immune subtypes in breast cancer patients for mRNA vaccine development

Yu,

Liu,

et al. 2024

Preprint

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“…Like the COVID-19 vaccines, mRNA encoding an antigen present on the targeted virus can be encapsulated into LNPs and injected into patients. The mRNA is translated into the corresponding antigen protein, and the adaptive immune system can focus an attack on the specific antigen of interest. − To prevent STIs, mRNA vaccination presents a platform that can be easily adapted for different viruses by substituting the mRNA into the same LNP formulation with the same administration route. Clinical trials utilizing mRNA vaccination for STIs are tabularized in Table and described herein.…”

Section: Localized Delivery Of Rna For Women’s Healthmentioning

confidence: 99%

Messenger RNA Therapy for Female Reproductive Health

VanKeulen-Miller,

Fenton

2024

Mol. Pharmaceutics

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Female reproductive health has traditionally been an underrepresented area of research in the drug delivery sciences. This disparity is also seen in the emerging field of mRNA therapeutics, a class of medicines that promises to treat and prevent disease by upregulating protein expression in the body. Here, we review advances in mRNA therapies through the lens of improving female reproductive health. Specifically, we begin our review by discussing the fundamental structure and biochemical modifications associated with mRNA-based drugs. Then, we discuss various packaging technologies, including lipid nanoparticles, that can be utilized to protect and transport mRNA drugs to target cells in the body. Last, we conclude our review by discussing the usage of mRNA therapy for addressing pregnancy-related health and vaccination against sexually transmitted diseases in women. Of note, we also highlight relevant clinical trials using mRNA for female reproductive health while also providing their corresponding National Clinical Trial identifiers. In undertaking this review, our aim is to provide a fundamental background understanding of mRNA therapy and its usage to specifically address female health issues with an overarching goal of providing information toward addressing gender disparity in certain aspects of health research.

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“…[1][2][3] Despite their therapeutic promise, delivering mRNA payloads to the spleen is challenging due to the instability, negative charge, and large size of mRNA. 4,5 Further, many non-viral mRNA carriers including lipid nanoparticles (LNPs) and polymer nanoparticles (PNPs) preferentially deliver mRNA payloads to the liver rather than the spleen. 6,7 Overcoming these delivery challenges will be essential if mRNA therapies are to one day serve as a therapeutic option to treat diseases and disorders originating in or associated with cell populations in the spleen.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%