Advances in nanoparticle-based drug delivery in cancer treatment

Abstract

As a pathologically heterogeneous disease, cancer is one of the leading causes of global morbidity. According to the World Health Organization, approximately one in six deaths are caused by cancer. Fortunately, many cancers can be cured if diagnosed at early stages and treated efficiently. Despite the benefits of conventional cancer treatments such as surgery, chemotherapy, hormone therapy, and radiation therapy, they have several drawbacks, including cytotoxicity, inaccurate targeting of tumor cells, and multi-drug resistance, which underscore the importance of developing novel and effective strategies to improve diagnosis, prognosis, therapy, and patient survival. Recently, the advancement of nanotechnology has opened new horizons for cancer treatment thanks to the discovery of nanoparticles (NPs) and the small-sized molecules that revolutionized the drug delivery methods in cancerous tissues. The specific characteristics of NPs, such as reduced toxicity, improved permeability, and accurate targeting of tumor cells, provide a great advantage in cancer treatment and help to overcome the limitations and challenges of conventional cancer treatment methods. Besides, the role of NPs in immunotherapy has created a novel concept for cancer treatment. This review gives a brief overview regarding the importance of NPs and their targeting mechanism, as well as the challenges and limitations associated with their use in cancer treatment.

Recent Developments in Nanoparticle Formulations for Resveratrol Encapsulation as an Anticancer Agent

“…Moreover, cancer cells can develop resistance to chemotherapeutic drugs due to mutations known as multidrug resistance (MDR). Other carcinogenesis processes lead to MDR, including pathways leading to apoptosis, DNA damage response, downstream signaling pathways, changes in drug efflux attributable to modifications in proteins involved in drug transfer from the cell membrane, changes in enzymes involved in drug processing and metabolism, changes in the composition of the cell membrane, cancer stem cells (CSCs), epithelial-mesenchymal transition, and changes in the tumor environment [98]. Moreover, RSV also activates the p53 kinase mediated by MAPKs (mitogen-activated protein kinases) [90].…”

Nanoquantification of RUNX2 by a 1,1′-carbonyldiimidazole-diamond mediated sandwich assay for osteogenic differentiation

“…Commonly used materials include graphene, silica, magnetic materials, gold, silver, and quantum dots, synthesized in forms such as nanoparticles, nanostars, nanotubes, nanourchin, nanoflower, and nanorod. These nanomaterials offer a higher surface area and increased stability in biological fluids, making them promise for various biomedical applications, including drug delivery and biosensors [ [24] , [25] , [26] ]. Nanomaterial-conjugated biomolecules demonstrate stronger binding on the sensor electrode surface, enhancing analyte-target interactions and lowering the limit of detection.…”

Sensitive osteoarthritis sensing by salt‐induced aggregation and dispersion of gold nanoparticles

“…23,24 Nanomaterials are nanosized materials, effectively utilized for various biomedical applications, including biosensor, tissue engineering, and drug delivery. [25][26][27][28] Easy and comfortable technologies to identify the biological and chemical elements are of great interest in public health and disease identification. [29][30][31][32] However, the detection process with high specificity and sensitivity of biomolecules with cost-effective is challenging.…”