Advances in molecular agents targeting toll-like receptor 4 signaling pathways for potential treatment of sepsis

Advances in Small Molecular Agents against Oral Cancer

“…Huang et al [57] reported that hydroxygenkwanin (22) inhibits cell cycle, cell colony formation, and cell motility by activating p21 and the intrinsic apoptosis pathway. Moreover, apigenin (23) can induce the apoptosis of tongue and oral carcinoma-derived cell line SCC-25 and regulate the expression of cyclin D and E, inactivation of cyclin dependent kinase 1 (CDK1), and cell cycle arrest at the G0/G and G2/M phases [58]. Hesperidin (24) exerts anti-cancer effects on OCC by inactivating transcriptional actvator 1 (STAT1) and STAT3 signalling molecules and inhibiting programmed cell death 1 ligand 1 (PD-L1) expression [59].Velmurugan et al [60] demonstrated for the first time that luteosin-7-O-glucoside (25) inhibits the invasion and migration of OCC by regulating matrix metalloproteinase-2 (MMP-2) expression and the extracellular signal-regulated kinase pathway and significantly reduces the metastasis of oral cancer by alleviating the P38-induced increase in MMP-2 expression.…”

“…Multiple signalling pathways are involved in the progression of oral cancer, such as Toll-like receptor 4 signalling (TLR4), phosphoinositide 3-kinase (PI3K) pathway, janus kinase (JAK)-signal transduction and activator of transcription (STAT) pathway, etc. [23]. The study of Kenison et al indicates that it is of great significance to develop immune checkpoint inhibitors targeting aromatic hydrocarbon receptors for oral cancer immunotherapy [24].…”