Advances in measuring rotation with MEMS accelerometers

Allmond, Jacquelyn; Hakhamaneshi, M; Wilson, Dalziel J.; Kutter, Bruce L.

doi:10.1201/b16200-44

Cited by 7 publications

(10 citation statements)

References 0 publications

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“…where a meas is the measured acceleration, g(x,z) is centrifuge gravity as a function of sensor location, θ n is rotation ( Figure 5), a h is horizontal acceleration, and a cross is the component of measured acceleration due to cross-axis sensitivity. This is similar to Allmond et al (2013), but with centrifuge gravity dependent on model coordinates.…”

Section: Mems Accelerometersmentioning

confidence: 79%

“…As outlined in Allmond et al (2013) the acceleration relative to the basket (or centrifuge gravity) is the resultant of the reactive centrifugal acceleration and Earth's gravity, Equation 3. The gravity will be perpendicular to the basket floor and resultant accelerations parallel to the basket will be equal and opposite; this can be verified by Equations 4 and 5.…”

Section: Relative Centrifuge Gravitymentioning

confidence: 99%

“…It is possible for the basket to rotate and not be at α from vertical, for various reasons. This will result in Equations 4 and 5 not being equal and opposite, but as noted by Allmond et al (2013). The difference between α and the actual angle can be taken directly from θ n and can even be zeroed out if constant through the experiment.…”

Section: Basket Orientationmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…This paper presents a methodology for measuring sensor orientation in a geotechnical centrifuge on the plane of reactive centrifugal acceleration and Earth's gravity with a single-axis MEMS accelerometer. This paper expands on a simplified theory for measuring rotation with MEMS accelerometers presented by Allmond et al (2013) by addressing the of importance cross-axis sensitivity and by examining the role of centrifuge geometry and acceleration on sensor measurements.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Theory on Measuring Orientation with MEMS Accelerometers in a Centrifuge

Beemer

Murali²,

Biscontin³

et al. 2015

Ifcee 2015

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Microelectromechanical systems (MEMS) sensors have become a common part of everyday life and can be found in a number of consumer electronics. Specifically, MEMS accelerometers have become widespread because of their low cost, due to mass production techniques, and ability to sense constant acceleration. This ability allows devices, such as cellular phones, to measure their rotation relative to Earth's gravity. These properties also make MEMS accelerometers an option for measuring the rotation of geo-structures, such as foundations, in the field or in scale model geotechnical centrifuge tests. MEMS accelerometers appear to be especially beneficial for measuring orientation in centrifuge experiments because they are not limited by the design constraints of traditional tilt sensors: a single constant acceleration vector (Earth's gravity). This paper presents the theory behind using single-axis MEMS accelerometers to measure the orientation of an object on a plane of reactive centrifugal acceleration and Earth's gravity within a geotechnical centrifuge. The paper specifically addresses cross-axis sensitivity which can significantly impact measurements and is typically excluded from simpler theories.

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Section: Mems Accelerometersmentioning

confidence: 79%

Section: Relative Centrifuge Gravitymentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Basket Orientationmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Theory on Measuring Orientation with MEMS Accelerometers in a Centrifuge

Beemer

Murali²,

Biscontin³

et al. 2015

Ifcee 2015

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“…However, MEMS accelerometers have been used for in situ geotechnical applications to measure inclinations in boreholes (Bennett et al 2009), soil displacement associated with rapid uplift of footings (Levy and Richards 2012), and the motion of free-falling cone penetrometers (e.g., Stegmann et al 2006;Stephan et al 2012;Steiner et al 2014). In geotechnical centrifuge modeling MEMS accelerometers have been used to measure the acceleration response of free-falling projectiles in clay (Chow et al 2014;O'Loughlin et al 2014), earthquake accelerations (Stringer et al 2010;Cilingir and Madabhushi 2011), and rotation of structures during slow lateral cycling and dynamic shaking (Allmond et al 2014). Although accelerometers are often used to measure the rotation of objects at constant acceleration, they cannot distinguish rotation from linear acceleration if the object's orientation and acceleration is changing.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

In Situ Measurement of the Dynamic Penetration of Free-Fall Projectiles in Soft Soils Using a Low-Cost Inertial Measurement Unit

Blake

O’Loughlin

Morton

et al. 2016

Geotechnical Testing Journal

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Six degree-of-freedom motion data from projectiles free-falling through water and embedding in soft soil are measured using a low-cost inertial measurement unit, consisting of a tri-axis accelerometer and a three-component gyroscope. A comprehensive framework for interpreting the measured data is described and the merit of this framework is demonstrated by considering sample test data for free-falling projectiles that gain velocity as they fall through water and self-embed in the underlying soft clay. The paper shows the importance of considering such motion data from an appropriate reference frame by showing good agreement in embedment depth data derived from the motion data with independent direct measurements. Motion data derived from the inertial measurement unit are used to calibrate a predictive model for calculating the final embedment depth of a dynamically installed anchor.

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