Advances in machining of hard tissues – From material removal mechanisms to tooling solutions

Zhang, Yue; Robles-Linares, Jose A.; Chen, Lei; Liao, Zhirong; Shih, Albert J.; Wang, Chengyong

doi:10.1016/j.ijmachtools.2021.103838

Cited by 28 publications

(10 citation statements)

References 276 publications

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“…Post-machining SEM (FEI Quanta 650) analysis was performed on all samples in low vacuum conditions to assess the surface damage related to the cutting conditions. It is well known that the maximum surface damage is expected with the largest DOC, especially if cutting under the fracture regime (Zhang et al, 2022). However, since the fracture mode was avoided in these experiments, the largest damage occurred when cutting with 50 µm of DOC, as shown in Fig.…”

Section: Tablementioning

confidence: 76%

The effect of interstitial fluid on the machining behaviour of cortical bone

Robles-Linares

Liao

Axinte

et al. 2022

Journal of Materials Processing Technology

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Section: Tablementioning

confidence: 76%

The effect of interstitial fluid on the machining behaviour of cortical bone

Robles-Linares

Liao

Axinte

et al. 2022

Journal of Materials Processing Technology

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“…Throughout the puncturing and oblique cutting process, the cartilage material was squeezed into the gap of the teeth, accumulated gradually, and then deformation occurred, which differs from hard tissue. 32 Once the cutting force of the shaver teeth was larger than the shear force required for the fibre fracture, the cartilage material was finally removed by the side edge and the root of the tooth. For the TT and AT, the initial incision of the cartilage material was changed from the line contact to the point contact after fabricating a positive secondary rake angle, as shown in Figure 11(d) and (e).…”

Section: Cutting Process In 3dmentioning

confidence: 99%

Understanding the structure and cutting mechanism of shaver blades: A case study on articular cartilage

Zhang

Chen

Wang

et al. 2022

Proc Inst Mech Eng H

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Mechanical shaver blades have been used in minimally invasive knee arthroscopy surgery for nearly 50 years, however, the tooth structure and cutting mechanism of shaver blades were less reported. This paper designed several shaver blades (triangular tooth/TT, circular tooth/CT and convex arc tooth/CAT), defined the cutting edges and angles of the original shaver (OS) and proposed a newly designed shaver (NDS) with a positive secondary rake angle to optimize cutting performance. The cutting process and theoretical model of the OS and NDS were analysed from 2D and 3D perspectives. A comparative experimental analysis of cutting performance, including cutting force, surface roughness, and groove geometries, was carried out to verify the influence of tooth structures and secondary rake angle. The results showed that the tooth of the OS has three different cutting edges, among which the secondary cutting edge sited at the tube section contributes to the puncturing process, and the primary cutting edge located on the outer wall of the tube participates in the oblique cutting process and finally removes the soft tissue. The cutting process of the secondary cutting edge of NDS has been changed from puncturing to oblique cutting, therefore, only the oblique cutting exists throughout the shaving process. This makes the shape and quantity of the chips of OS and NDS different, which has been verified by experiment. The cutting performance of CT was superior to that of TT and CAT, highlighting the importance of tooth roots in the cutting process. Positive secondary rake angle significantly improved the cutting performance of CAT, but not that of TT with a small profile angle (30°) and CT, which means both the puncturing and oblique cutting play important roles. Not all the positive secondary rake angle was helpful to the cutting process and 30° and 45° were suggested.

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“…In recent years, they have been widely used as handheld tools by surgeons in oral surgery, spinal surgery, maxillofacial surgery, plastic surgery, and other fields. However, the application of ultrasonic osteotomy in orthopedic robots has not been reported yet [6]. Ultrasonic osteotomy is sensitive to cutting force, and the magnitude of cutting force can affect cutting stability (changing the resonance frequency and vibration amplitude of ultrasonic osteotomy), cutting quality, and thus affect surgical effectiveness [7].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Investigation of an indirect measurement method of ultrasonic bone cutting forces based on strain sensors

Wang,

Liu,

Cong

et al. 2023

Meas. Sci. Technol.

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The measurement model of ultrasonic bone cutting force is an urgent problem to be solved in the application of ultrasonic osteotomy in robot assisted orthopedic surgery, which is of great significance for achieving bone layer perception and cutting force control during the surgical process. This article proposes an indirect measurement method of ultrasonic bone cutting force based on strain. Firstly, according to the axial vibration strain distribution curve of the ultrasonic osteotomy, the optimal measurement position for the strain gauge is selected as the high strain position (with a high signal-to-noise ratio), and the temperature compensation strategy of the dual strain gauge method is used to reduce or eliminate the thermal effects during the strain measurement. Then, the Pearson correlation coefficient between strain and cutting force in different cutting directions is calculated, and there is a strong positive correlation between strain and cutting force. Finally, the least squares method was used to obtain indirect measurement models of ultrasonic bone cutting force based on strain in different cutting directions. The experimental results showed that the waveform of cutting force measured indirectly based on strain was in good agreement with the waveform of cutting force measured directly by the force sensor. The error between the effective value of indirect measurement of cutting force and the effective value of direct measurement of cutting force did not exceed 13%, which verified the feasibility and effectiveness of this method. The indirect measurement models of ultrasonic bone cutting force based on strain will become a cost-effective choice with good accuracy and high sensitivity, providing a theoretical basis for orthopedic robots to perceive and control cutting force, and promoting the clinical application of ultrasonic osteotomy in orthopedic robots.

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Advances in machining of hard tissues – From material removal mechanisms to tooling solutions

Cited by 28 publications

References 276 publications

The effect of interstitial fluid on the machining behaviour of cortical bone

The effect of interstitial fluid on the machining behaviour of cortical bone

Understanding the structure and cutting mechanism of shaver blades: A case study on articular cartilage

Investigation of an indirect measurement method of ultrasonic bone cutting forces based on strain sensors

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