Advances in Lung Cancer Driver Genes Associated With Brain Metastasis

Kang, Yihua; Jin, Yu; Li, Qianxia; Yuan, Xianglin

doi:10.3389/fonc.2020.606300

Cited by 17 publications

(13 citation statements)

References 165 publications

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“…Brain metastasis is likely to have a parallel evolutionary model. Tumor driver gene-associated signaling pathways are crucial for promoting tumor cell survival, invasion, and colonization in the CNS [8]. These findings elucidate the biology of CNS metastasis in lung cancer and may lead to the development of a novel approach to preventing CNS metastasis.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 83%

Cerebrospinal fluid as a medium of liquid biopsy in the management of patients with non-small-cell lung cancer having central nervous system metastasis

Chiang¹,

Huang²,

Luo³

et al. 2021

Front Biosci (Landmark Ed)

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The molecular profiling of tumors is fundamental in the management of advanced non-small-cell lung cancer (NSCLC). A tissue specimen obtained from biopsy is needed for diagnosis and mutation analysis. However, this may not be feasible for some metastatic sites, such as central nervous system (CNS) lesions, particularly for repeated biopsy. Liquid biopsy with plasma is an emerging tool for molecular testing and could be a surrogate method if tissue cannot be obtained. However, the use of plasma is limited for the detection of mutations arising from intracranial lesions. Cerebrospinal fluid (CSF) was recently demonstrated to be an alternative material for genetic testing in patients with NSCLC having CNS metastasis. In this review, we discuss recent advancement in the use of CSF as a medium of liquid biopsy in patients with NSCLC.This study was funded by Taipei Veterans General Hospital, Taiwan (V110B-008).

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Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 83%

Cerebrospinal fluid as a medium of liquid biopsy in the management of patients with non-small-cell lung cancer having central nervous system metastasis

Chiang¹,

Huang²,

Luo³

et al. 2021

Front Biosci (Landmark Ed)

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“…According to histopathology, lung cancer can be divided into non-small cell lung cancer (NSCLC), which accounts for 85% of lung cancer cases, and small cell lung cancer (SCLC) that accounts for 15%. Among all cancer types, lung cancer has the highest incidence of BM among all types of cancers [ 128 ]. Upon diagnosis, around 10–25% of lung cancer patients present with BM and 40–50% of such patients will develop BM during the course of the disease [ 129 ].…”

Section: Extravasation Of Tumor Cells Through the Blood–brain Barrier...mentioning

confidence: 99%

Insights into the Molecular Mechanisms Mediating Extravasation in Brain Metastasis of Breast Cancer, Melanoma, and Lung Cancer

Alsabbagh

Ahmed

Alqudah

et al. 2023

Cancers

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Brain metastasis is an incurable end-stage of systemic cancer associated with poor prognosis, and its incidence is increasing. Brain metastasis occurs through a multi-step cascade where cancer cells spread from the primary tumor site to the brain. The extravasation of tumor cells through the blood–brain barrier (BBB) is a critical step in brain metastasis. During extravasation, circulating cancer cells roll along the brain endothelium (BE), adhere to it, then induce alterations in the endothelial barrier to transmigrate through the BBB and enter the brain. Rolling and adhesion are generally mediated by selectins and adhesion molecules induced by inflammatory mediators, while alterations in the endothelial barrier are mediated by proteolytic enzymes, including matrix metalloproteinase, and the transmigration step mediated by factors, including chemokines. However, the molecular mechanisms mediating extravasation are not yet fully understood. A better understanding of these mechanisms is essential as it may serve as the basis for the development of therapeutic strategies for the prevention or treatment of brain metastases. In this review, we summarize the molecular events that occur during the extravasation of cancer cells through the blood–brain barrier in three types of cancer most likely to develop brain metastasis: breast cancer, melanoma, and lung cancer. Common molecular mechanisms driving extravasation in these different tumors are discussed.

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“…The provision of education in various formats was found to increase carers' knowledge of delirium across all studies. Carers' knowledge of risk factors and prevention strategies for delirium was reported to improve in four studies, 27,29,30,33,34 and was sustained following discharge in one study. 27 Studies that implemented strategies to also improve nurses' knowledge of delirium reported the carers feeling better-prepared for caregiving, feeling less anxious about providing care following discharge and having a more positive relationship with the person they cared for.…”

Section: Increasing Knowledgementioning

confidence: 99%

Partnering with carers in the management of delirium in general acute care settings: An integrative review

Aggar,

Craswell,

Bail

et al. 2023

Australas J Ageing

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ObjectivesDelirium is a common, preventable condition. However, delirium is poorly recognised and often missed because symptoms are misinterpreted, and risk factors overlooked by health‐care professionals. Carers usually have intimate knowledge about the person they care for. Therefore, they are well placed within care teams to implement delirium prevention strategies, identify symptoms and support the early diagnosis of delirium. The aim of this integrative review was to synthesise findings from the published research reporting on partnering with carers in the management of delirium in general acute care settings.MethodsFive databases (Medline‐EBSCO, PubMed, PsycINFO, ProQuest, CINAHL and SCOPUS) were searched to identify primary research regarding partnering with carers in the management of delirium in acute care settings, and results were synthesised. PRISMA guidelines were adhered to, and quality appraisal was conducted using the Mixed Methods Appraisal Tool.ResultsAll seven studies reported that partnering with carers was a viable strategy in the management of delirium to maximise outcomes for people at risk of or experiencing delirium and that increasing carers' knowledge of delirium was key. The synthesis of findings also identified two themes: Increasing knowledge and Effective partnerships.ConclusionsA collaborative approach to increasing carers' and nurses' knowledge about the management of delirium, coupled with education on how to develop therapeutic nurse–carer relationships, is important for ongoing effective partnerships in the management of delirium. Good communication supported effective partnerships, which enabled both nurses and carers the opportunity to express their needs and concerns and negotiate collaborative involvement in the management of delirium.

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Advances in Lung Cancer Driver Genes Associated With Brain Metastasis

Cited by 17 publications

References 165 publications

Cerebrospinal fluid as a medium of liquid biopsy in the management of patients with non-small-cell lung cancer having central nervous system metastasis

Cerebrospinal fluid as a medium of liquid biopsy in the management of patients with non-small-cell lung cancer having central nervous system metastasis

Insights into the Molecular Mechanisms Mediating Extravasation in Brain Metastasis of Breast Cancer, Melanoma, and Lung Cancer

Partnering with carers in the management of delirium in general acute care settings: An integrative review

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