Advances in leishmaniasis

Murray, Henry W.; Berman, Jonathan; Davies, Clive R.; Saravia, Nancy Gore

doi:10.1016/s0140-6736(05)67629-5

Cited by 1,516 publications

(1,430 citation statements)

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“…By contrast VL due to L. infantum mainly affects children and is a zoonosis whose reservoir is the dog. Its geographical distribution includes the Mediterranean basin as well as South and Central America 13,22,23 .…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…The amastigotes of these Leishmania species replicate in macrophages from the liver, spleen, bone marrow and lymph nodes, causing severe and ultimately lethal lesions 13 . VL is usually fatal in the absence of effective treatment 13,23 .…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Reactivation can be spontaneous but is often provoked by an intercurrent insult to T (CD4+) cell number or function-corticosteroid or cytotoxic therapy, antirejection treatment in transplant recipients, or advanced HIV disease 13 .…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…The first line of treatment involves the use of pentavalent antimonial compounds (SbV) such as sodium stibogluconate (Pentostam®) and meglumine antimoniate (N-metil-glucamine) (Glucantime®) 5,9,13 . Common side effects with sodium stibogluconate and meglumine antimoniate include abdominal pain, anorexia, vomiting, nausea, myalgia, arthralgia, headache, and malaise.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Primary resistance to SbV is seen in approximately 1% of cases in Africa and up to 60% in certain regions of India 2,5 . In India the recommended treatment for VL produced by L. donovani is Miltefosine® 12,13,23,24,25 , although there are no reports of the effectiveness on this medication in treating VL produced by L. infantum.…”

mentioning

confidence: 99%

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Two cases of visceral leishmaniasis in Colombia resistant to meglumine antimonial treatment

Vélez

Colmenares

Muñoz

2009

Rev. Inst. Med. trop. S. Paulo

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SUMMARYVisceral leishmaniasis (VL) affects over 500 000 people worldwide each year. The disease occurs in the Mediterranean basin, Central and South America and is caused by Leishmania infantum (syn L. chagasi). VL is an endemic disease in Colombia, particularly along the Caribbean coast and the Magdalena River Valley and 90% of VL cases occur in children under the age of five. The first line of treatment is chemotherapy with pentavalent antimonial compounds, including sodium stibogluconate (Pentostam®) and meglumine antimoniate (Glucantime®). These compounds are the ones most used in Colombia, at a dose of 20 mg/kg/day for 28 days. Nevertheless resistance of L. infantum to pentavalent antimonials is becoming an important problem.No cases of VL resistant to pentavalent antimonial compounds have previously been reported from Colombia. This report describes the two cases of VL resistance to antimonial compounds in a girl and a boy who did not respond to previous treatment with Pentacarinat® and Glucantime® regimens but were treated successfully with liposomal amphotericin B. Based on our findings, we recommend liposomal amphotericin B as the first line of treatment for VL due to its low toxicity, shorter administration period and the low price obtained by WHO.

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Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%