Advances in Imaging Multiple Sclerosis

Bischof, Antje; Caverzasi, Eduardo; Cordano, Christian; Henry, Roland G.

doi:10.1055/s-0037-1607278

Cited by 6 publications

(5 citation statements)

References 99 publications

(88 reference statements)

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“…OCT, a noninvasive imaging technique that has already been applied to develop quantitative methods for assessing the inner retina, has created crucial advancements in our knowledge about the neurodegeneration and inflammation timing of MS ON (Bischof et al., 2017 ). It was discovered almost 20 years ago that pRNFL and MV were abnormal in ON, using the time‐domain (TdOCT) (Parisi, 2003 ; Trip et al., 2005 ).…”

Section: Optic Neuritis In Multiple Sclerosismentioning

confidence: 99%

Optical coherence tomography monitoring and diagnosing retinal changes in multiple sclerosis

et al. 2021

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This study explores the use of optical coherence tomography (OCT) to monitor and diagnose multiple sclerosis (MS). The analysis of reduced total macular volume and peripapillary retinal nerve fiber layer thinning are shown. The severity of these defects increases as MS progresses, reflecting the progressive degeneration of nerve fibers and retinal ganglion cells. The OCT parameters are noninvasive, sensitive indicators that can be used to assess the progression of neurodegeneration and inflammation in MS.

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Section: Optic Neuritis In Multiple Sclerosismentioning

confidence: 99%

Optical coherence tomography monitoring and diagnosing retinal changes in multiple sclerosis

et al. 2021

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“…Increasing brain lesion load and brain atrophy have also been found to correlate with the progression of cognitive impairment in MS ( 4 ). Indeed, changes in brain gray matter—rather than the white matter—have been shown to predict long-term physical disability and cognitive impairment in a number of studies ( 5 – 8 ). A review by Langer-Gould et al, though, identified sphincter symptoms as the most robust predictor of long-term physical disability ( 9 ).…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Functional Connectivity Alterations Reveal Complex Mechanisms Based on Clinical and Radiological Status in Mild Relapsing Remitting Multiple Sclerosis

et al. 2018

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Resting state functional MRI (rs-fMRI) has provided important insights into functional reorganization in subjects with Multiple Sclerosis (MS) at different stage of disease. In this cross-sectional study we first assessed, by means of rs-fMRI, the impact of overall T2 lesion load (T2LL) and MS severity score (MSSS) on resting state networks (RSNs) in 62 relapsing remitting MS (RRMS) patients with mild disability (MSSS < 3). Independent Component Analysis (ICA) followed by dual regression analysis confirmed functional connectivity (FC) alterations of many RSNs in RRMS subjects compared to healthy controls. The anterior default mode network (DMNa) and the superior precuneus network (PNsup) showed the largest areas of decreased FC, while the sensory motor networks area M1 (SMNm1) and the medial visual network (MVN) showed the largest areas of increased FC. In order to better understand the nature of these alterations as well as the mechanisms of functional alterations in MS we proposed a method, based on linear regression, that takes into account FC changes and their correlation with T2LL and MSSS. Depending on the sign of the correlation between FC and T2LL, and furthermore the sign of the correlation with MSSS, we suggested the following possible underlying mechanisms to interpret altered FC: (1) FC reduction driven by MS lesions, (2) “true” functional compensatory mechanism, (3a) functional compensation attempt, (3b) “false” functional compensation, (4a) neurodegeneration, (4b) pre-symptomatic condition (damage precedes MS clinical manifestation). Our data shows areas satisfying 4 of these 6 conditions (i.e., 1,2,3b,4b), supporting the suggestion that increased FC has a complex nature that may exceed the simplistic assumption of an underlying compensatory mechanism attempting to limit the brain damage caused by MS progression. Exploring differences between RRMS subjects with short disease duration (MSshort) and RRMS with similar disability but longer disease duration (MSlong), we found that MSshort and MSlong were characterized by clearly distinct pattern of FC, involving predominantly sensory and cognitive networks respectively. Overall, these results suggest that the analysis of FC alterations in multiple large-scale networks in relation to radiological (T2LL) and clinical (MSSS, disease duration) status may provide new insights into the pathophysiology of relapse onset MS evolution.

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“…OCT detects thinning of the retinal nerve fiber layer in the eyes of patients with MS and is important to identify the presence of a unilateral ON in MS. 17 In addition, there are other possible future OCT markers of MS disease activity: macular ganglion cell layer+inner plexiform layer for brain atrophy and inner nuclear layer thickness for inflammatory activity. 18 …”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Clinical Application of 2017 McDonald Diagnostic Criteria for Multiple Sclerosis

et al. 2018

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Background and PurposeMcDonald criteria for multiple sclerosis diagnosis have been revised over the years, diagnostic procedures have been simplified and earlier diagnosis facilitated. The new 2017 revision introduces other important changes, with a further simplification for the diagnosis. Oligoclonal bands reassume a more relevant role in the workup.MethodsWe describe 3 typical cases of patients admitted for clinically isolated syndrome and illustrate how the application of the new criteria can change the diagnostic approach with respect to the previous criteria.ResultsIn two of the three cases a diagnosis of multiple sclerosis is now possible.ConclusionsThe new 2017 Multiple Sclerosis criteria may have an important impact in clinical practice with an earlier treatment to avoid the risk of disease dissemination. Their application requires a careful assessment to avoid misdiagnosis and mistreatments.

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Advances in Imaging Multiple Sclerosis

Cited by 6 publications

References 99 publications

Optical coherence tomography monitoring and diagnosing retinal changes in multiple sclerosis

Optical coherence tomography monitoring and diagnosing retinal changes in multiple sclerosis

Functional Connectivity Alterations Reveal Complex Mechanisms Based on Clinical and Radiological Status in Mild Relapsing Remitting Multiple Sclerosis

Clinical Application of 2017 McDonald Diagnostic Criteria for Multiple Sclerosis

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