Advances in Geroscience: Impact on Healthspan and Chronic Disease

Burch, John; Augustine, Alison Deckhut; Frieden, Leslie A.; Hadley, Evan C.; Howcroft, T. Kevin; Johnson, Ron L.; Khalsa, Partap S.; Kohanski, Ronald A.; Li, Xiao Ling; Macchiarini, Francesca; Niederehe, George; Oh, Young S.; Pawlyk, Aaron C.; Rodriguez, Henry; Rowland, Julia H.; Shen, Grace L. C.; Sierra, Felipe; Wise, Bradley C.

doi:10.1093/gerona/glu041

Cited by 167 publications

(107 citation statements)

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“…1). The most effective means to reduce disease burden and control costs is to delay this progression by extending healthspan, years of life lived free of disease and disability (4). A key to extending healthspan is addressing the problem of aging itself (5)(6)(7)(8).…”

mentioning

confidence: 99%

Quantification of biological aging in young adults

Belsky

Caspi

Houts

et al. 2015

Proc. Natl. Acad. Sci. U.S.A.

681

583

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Antiaging therapies show promise in model organism research. Translation to humans is needed to address the challenges of an aging global population. Interventions to slow human aging will need to be applied to still-young individuals. However, most human aging research examines older adults, many with chronic disease. As a result, little is known about aging in young humans. We studied aging in 954 young humans, the Dunedin Study birth cohort, tracking multiple biomarkers across three time points spanning their third and fourth decades of life. We developed and validated two methods by which aging can be measured in young adults, one cross-sectional and one longitudinal. Our longitudinal measure allows quantification of the pace of coordinated physiological deterioration across multiple organ systems (e.g., pulmonary, periodontal, cardiovascular, renal, hepatic, and immune function). We applied these methods to assess biological aging in young humans who had not yet developed age-related diseases. Young individuals of the same chronological age varied in their "biological aging" (declining integrity of multiple organ systems). Already, before midlife, individuals who were aging more rapidly were less physically able, showed cognitive decline and brain aging, selfreported worse health, and looked older. Measured biological aging in young adults can be used to identify causes of aging and evaluate rejuvenation therapies.biological aging | cognitive aging | aging | healthspan | geroscience B y 2050, the world population aged 80 y and above will more than triple, approaching 400 million individuals (1, 2). As the population ages, the global burden of disease and disability is rising (3). From the fifth decade of life, advancing age is associated with an exponential increase in burden from many different chronic conditions (Fig. 1). The most effective means to reduce disease burden and control costs is to delay this progression by extending healthspan, years of life lived free of disease and disability (4). A key to extending healthspan is addressing the problem of aging itself (5-8).At present, much research on aging is being carried out with animals and older humans. Paradoxically, these seemingly sensible strategies pose translational difficulties. The difficulty with studying aging in old humans is that many of them already have age-related diseases (9-11). Age-related changes to physiology accumulate from early life, affecting organ systems years before disease diagnosis (12-15). Thus, intervention to reverse or delay the march toward age-related diseases must be scheduled while people are still young (16). Early interventions to slow aging can be tested in model organisms (17,18). The difficulty with these nonhuman models is that they do not typically capture the complex multifactorial risks and exposures that shape human aging. Moreover, whereas animals' brief lives make it feasible to study animal aging in the laboratory, humans' lives span many years. A solution is to study human aging in the first half of ...

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mentioning

confidence: 99%

Quantification of biological aging in young adults

Belsky

Caspi

Houts

et al. 2015

Proc. Natl. Acad. Sci. U.S.A.

681

583

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

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“…Geroscience : Geroscience is an interdisciplinary field that aims to understand the relationship between ageing and age-related diseases 68 . In geroscience, researchers in a variety of disciplines may work together, sharing data and ideas, with a common goal of explaining and intervening in age-related diseases.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Clinical Advances in Geriatric Psychiatry

Eyre

Baune

Lavretsky

2015

Psychiatric Clinics of North America

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The world’s population is ageing in the 21st century at a rate unprecedented in human history, and this will place substantial pressure on health systems across the world along with concurrent rises in chronic diseases. In particular, rates of cognitive disorders and late-life affective disorders are expected to rise. In correlation with ageing, there are robust predictions suggesting rates of age-related cognitive decline and dementia, and geriatric depression, will rise with serious consequences. Clearly innovative prevention and treatment strategies are needed. Here we reviewed the latest promising clinical advances which hold promise for assisting the prevention and treatment of depression and cognitive decline and dementia.

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“…Moreover, geriatric literature also suggests that the oldest old often suffer from more chronic illnesses, functional impairments, and lower well-being than their younger counterparts (e.g., 65-84 years old) (Smith, Borchelt, Maier, & Jopp, 2002). As the aging population and human life span continue to increase, Burch and Wise (2014) recognized the importance of understanding the complex interactions between aging and susceptibility to chronic disease to promote healthy aging. The aging population of American veterans increases at a faster rate than the general population (Richardson & Waldrop, 2003).…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Health behaviors and demographic factors of chronic health conditions among elderly veteran men

Tran

Canfield

Wang

2016

Social Work in Health Care

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As male veterans age, there are unique opportunities for health-related prevention efforts to be introduced throughout the life cycle to ameliorate the effects of chronic health conditions such as cardiovascular disease, asthma, arthritis, and diabetes. This study analyzed data from the Behavioral Risk Factor Surveillance System (2012) with a sample of 27,187 male veterans aged 65-84 years and 4,079 male veterans over 85 years of age. The study examined associations between behaviors, demographics, and five chronic health conditions with variables that included marital status, health insurance coverage, alcohol consumption, smoking history, and income levels. These associations varied between the two age groups, suggesting the need for intervention with veterans across their lifespans. Public health social workers could help veterans modify their health behaviors to prevent the occurrence or worsening of chronic health conditions over time and across the aging process.

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Advances in Geroscience: Impact on Healthspan and Chronic Disease

Cited by 167 publications

References 0 publications

Quantification of biological aging in young adults

Quantification of biological aging in young adults

Clinical Advances in Geriatric Psychiatry

Health behaviors and demographic factors of chronic health conditions among elderly veteran men

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