Advances in Femtosecond Micromachining and Inscription of Micro and Nano Photonic Devices

Smith, G.; Kalli, Kyriacos; Sugden, Kate

doi:10.5772/39542

Cited by 8 publications

(2 citation statements)

References 101 publications

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“…The invention and widespread use of femtosecond lasers allowed for the fabrication of micro-optical structures of higher resolution in various optical materials through several processes, like various forms of intensity-dependent nonlinear absorption. , According to these reviews, common challenges of those fabrication methods were the spatial forming of the femtosecond laser pulses, such as the elliptical cross section of the beam and the aberrations arising when tightly focusing the beam into a transparent dielectric. Due to the extremely high intensity at the focal spot, Kerr self-focusing also occurs.…”

Section: Introduction Previous Artmentioning

confidence: 99%

Fabrication of Quasi-Sinusoidal Surface Relief Optical Transmission Gratings in Pyrex and IOG Glasses by Implantation with Oxygen and Nitrogen Ion Microbeams of the 5–6 MeV Energy Range

Bányász,

Rajta,

Havránek

et al. 2024

ACS Omega

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A method for the fabrication of high diffraction efficiency optical transmission gratings with quasi-sinusoidal profile in glasses by microbeams of medium-mass ions of 5−6 MeV energy was devised and demonstrated. Gratings with a 30 μm grating constant have been manufactured and characterized by interference microscopy and microprofilometry. The obtained surface profiles of the gratings were found to be quasi-sinusoidal with up to 265 nm amplitude. Measured highest first-order diffraction efficiencies were around 26% in both Pyrex and IOG glasses. Such gratings could serve as coupling elements in integrated optics and photonic integrated circuits.

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Section: Introduction Previous Artmentioning

confidence: 99%

Fabrication of Quasi-Sinusoidal Surface Relief Optical Transmission Gratings in Pyrex and IOG Glasses by Implantation with Oxygen and Nitrogen Ion Microbeams of the 5–6 MeV Energy Range

Bányász,

Rajta,

Havránek

et al. 2024

ACS Omega

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“…Femtosecond laser micromachining and inscription have attracted significant attention in the past decade, not only for material processing applications, such as cutting or drilling [1,2], but also for the fabrication of 3D photonic devices in transparent materials. When focusing a high-power femtosecond pulse inside a transparent dielectric material, the intensity at the focal region is high enough to initiate multiphoton ionization, which eventually leads to structural changes and permanent refractive index changes [3][4][5][6][7].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Femtosecond Transient Bragg Gratings

Shamir¹,

Halstuch²,

Ishaaya³

2019

Fiber Optic Sensing - Principle, Measurement and Applications

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Fiber Bragg gratings (FBGs) have found numerous applications in fiber lasers, sensors, telecommunication, and many other fields. Traditionally, they are fabricated using UV laser sources and a phase mask or other interferometric techniques. In the past two decades, FBGs have been fabricated with femtosecond lasers in either the point-by-point method or by using a phase mask, in a similar configuration as with UV laser sources. In the following, we briefly review the advantages of femtosecond fabrication of fiber Bragg gratings. We then focus on transient FBGs; these are FBGs that exist for a short duration only, for the purpose of all-optical, infiber switching and modulation and the possible mechanism to implement them with a high-power femtosecond laser. The theory behind transient grating switching is outlined, and we discuss related experimental results achieved by our group on both permanent grating inscription and the generation of transient (dynamic) fiber Braggs gratings.

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