Advances in exosomes technology

Chen, Bo-Yie; Sung, Cheyenne Wei-Hsuan; Chen, Chihchen; Cheng, Chao‐Min; Lin, David Pei-Cheng; Huang, Chin‐Te; Hsu, Min‐Yen

doi:10.1016/j.cca.2019.02.021

Cited by 160 publications

(114 citation statements)

References 40 publications

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“…Indeed, some authors, considering these difficulties, are skeptical about the possibility to translate EVs-miRNA analysis in the clinic. This is also justified by several unsolved problems, such as significant differences in the procedures for processing samples, methods of analysis, and high heterogeneity in results accumulated so far [49]. To solve the aforementioned problems, current studies are mainly focusing the attention on the needed improvements in methodology able to increase the reliability of EVs-miRNAs as a diagnostic tool [49].…”

Section: Profiling Evs-mirnasmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…This is also justified by several unsolved problems, such as significant differences in the procedures for processing samples, methods of analysis, and high heterogeneity in results accumulated so far [49]. To solve the aforementioned problems, current studies are mainly focusing the attention on the needed improvements in methodology able to increase the reliability of EVs-miRNAs as a diagnostic tool [49]. A detailed critical discussion on methodology challenges is outside the purpose of this review and further details could be found in several studies cited in the text while advice about these aspects is present in MISEV2014 guidelines [7].…”

Section: Profiling Evs-mirnasmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Extracellular Vesicles: New Endogenous Shuttles for miRNAs in Cancer Diagnosis and Therapy?

Martellucci

Orefice

Angelucci

et al. 2020

IJMS

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Extracellular Vesicles (EVs) represent a heterogeneous population of membranous cell-derived structures, including cargo-oriented exosomes and microvesicles. EVs are functionally associated with intercellular communication and play an essential role in multiple physiopathological conditions. Shedding of EVs is frequently increased in malignancies and their content, including proteins and nucleic acids, altered during carcinogenesis and cancer progression. EVs-mediated intercellular communication between tumor cells and between tumor and stromal cells can modulate, through cargo miRNA, the survival, progression, and drug resistance in cancer conditions. These consolidated suggestions and EVs’ stability in bodily fluids have led to extensive investigations on the potential employment of circulating EVs-derived miRNAs as tumor biomarkers and potential therapeutic vehicles. In this review, we highlight the current knowledge about circulating EVs-miRNAs in human cancer and the application limits of these tools, discussing their clinical utility and challenges in functions such as in biomarkers and instruments for diagnosis, prognosis, and therapy.

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Section: Profiling Evs-mirnasmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Profiling Evs-mirnasmentioning

confidence: 99%

Extracellular Vesicles: New Endogenous Shuttles for miRNAs in Cancer Diagnosis and Therapy?

Martellucci

Orefice

Angelucci

et al. 2020

IJMS

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“…Extracellular vesicles (EVs) are de ined as cell membranous originated structures with a size <1000 nm that are secreted by various cells (platelets, red and white blood cells, endothelial cells, precursors / stem cells, cardiomyocytes, and even tumor cells) into human luids and contained wide range of proteins, hormones, signalling molecules, lipids, mRNA, miRNA, and others [10,11]. There are at least two distinct subpopulations of EVs (exosomes and micro vesicles [MVs]), which distinguish each other in size, compounds, immune phenotypes and wide range of formation modes (Figure).…”

Section: Extracellular Vesicles: Defi Nitionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Circulating platelet-derived vesicle in atrial fibrillation

Berezin¹,

Berezin²

2019

Ann Clin Hypertens

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Platelet vesiculation is common factor contributing in coagulation and thromboembolism in patients with atrial fi brillation (AF). Platelet-derived vesicles are involved in the coagulation, thromboembolism, microvascular infl ammation, arterial stiffness, vascular calcifi cation, atherosclerotic plaque shaping and rupture, endothelial dysfunction, cardiac remodelling, and kidney dysfunction. Recent clinical studies have revealed elevated concentrations of plateletderived vesicles in peripheral blood of patients with current AF and history of AF. The aim of the mini review is to discuss the role of platelet-derived micro vesicles as predictive biomarker in AF. Serial measures of circulating levels of platelet-derived vesicules are discussed to be useful in stratifi cation of AF patients at risk of thromboembolic complications, but there is limiting evidence regarding their predictive value that requires further investigations in large clinical trials.

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“…By careful characterization of enriched and depleted EV components, the published method was shown to be highly effective at eliminating cellular contaminants that do not have the same density as EVs. The method is thus valuable and effective, but the DGUC step can also be relatively time-consuming [21][22][23] (at least three hours), requires an operator skilled in preparing density gradients, and for this reason may have some between-run or between-operator variation. We thus queried if size exclusion chromatography (SEC), an automatable and increasingly employed method of EV separation, could be used in place of DGUC to achieve acceptable EV purity.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Influence of species and processing parameters on recovery and content of brain tissue-derived extracellular vesicles

Huang

Cheng

Turchinovich

et al. 2020

Preprint

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Extracellular vesicles (EVs) are involved in a wide range of physiological and pathological processes by shuttling material out of and between cells. Tissue EVs may thus lend insights into disease mechanisms and also betray disease when released into easily accessed biological fluids.Since brain-derived EVs (bdEVs) and their cargo may serve as biomarkers of neurodegenerative diseases, we evaluated modifications to a published, rigorous protocol for separation of EVs from brain tissue and studied effects of processing variables on quantitative and qualitative outcomes.To this end, size exclusion chromatography (SEC) and gradient density ultracentrifugation were compared as final separation steps in protocols involving stepped ultracentrifugation. bdEVs were separated from brain tissues of human, macaque, and mouse. Effects of tissue perfusion and a model of post-mortem interval (PMI) before final bdEV separation were probed.MISEV2018-compliant EV characterization was performed, and both small RNA and protein profiling were done. We conclude that the modified, SEC-employing protocol achieves EV separation efficiency roughly similar to a protocol using gradient density ultracentrifugation, while decreasing operator time and, potentially, variability. The protocol appears to yield bdEVs of higher purity for human tissues compared with those of macaque and, especially, mouse, suggesting opportunities for optimization. Where possible, perfusion should be performed in animal models. The interval between death/tissue storage/processing and final bdEV separation can also affect bdEV populations and composition and should thus be recorded for rigorous reporting. Finally, different types of EVs obtained through the modified method reported herein display characteristic RNA and protein content that hint at biomarker potential. To conclude, this study finds that the automatable and increasingly employed technique of SEC can be applied to tissue EV separation, and also reveals more about the importance of species-specific and technical considerations when working with tissue EVs. These results are expected to enhance the use of bdEVs in revealing and understanding brain disease. Results Protocol comparison: bdEV separationThe tissue processing and bdEV separation protocol previously published by several members of the author team (Vella et al., JEV, 2017) 13 was followed through the 2,000 x g centrifugation step ( Figure 1). After enrichment of large EVs (lEVs) by filtration and 10,000 x g centrifugation, supernatant was subjected to SDGU (as previously published) or SEC. Where indicated, SEC fractions were then concentrated by UC or ultrafiltration (UF) (Figure 1). Comparison of bdEV particle count, morphology, and protein markers in different fractions of SDGU and SEC: human and mouse tissueParticle yield per 100 mg tissue input (human or mouse) was determined by nanoparticle tracking analysis (NTA). Particle yield was highest for F2 from SDGU and F7-10 from SEC+UC. Particle concentration was below the reliable range of meas...

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Advances in exosomes technology

Cited by 160 publications

References 40 publications

Extracellular Vesicles: New Endogenous Shuttles for miRNAs in Cancer Diagnosis and Therapy?

Extracellular Vesicles: New Endogenous Shuttles for miRNAs in Cancer Diagnosis and Therapy?

Circulating platelet-derived vesicle in atrial fibrillation

Influence of species and processing parameters on recovery and content of brain tissue-derived extracellular vesicles

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