Advances in Diagnosis and Treatment of Latent Tuberculosis Infection

Chapman, Helena J.; Lauzardo, Michael

doi:10.3122/jabfm.2014.05.140062

Cited by 27 publications

(19 citation statements)

References 67 publications

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“…There are methodological challenges to measuring ARTI in adolescents, including the influence of previous BCG vaccination and exposure to environmental mycobacteria on TST results 18,19 . Even though TST is a relatively inexpensive test, it has low specificity causing false positives in patients with history of BCG vaccination and environmental mycobacteria exposure 20 . In this study, BCG vaccination status was indeed associated with a positive TST result in the cut-off method, but the mirror method appeared to have eliminated this bias.…”

Section: This Is Consistent With Findings By Dodd Et Al Who Suggestedmentioning

confidence: 99%

Estimating the annual risk of infection with Mycobacterium tuberculosis among adolescents in Western Kenya in preparation for TB vaccine trials

Nduba

Hoog

Bruijn

et al. 2019

Preprint

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Background: Adolescents are a prime target group for tuberculosis (TB) vaccine trials that include prevention of infection (POI). The BCG vaccine is given at birth and does not prevent TB infection. TB infection, a critical endpoint for POI vaccine trials would need to be documented to estimate sample sizes in target populations. Methods: Adolescents aged 12-18 years of age were enrolled in an area under continuous demographic surveillance. A tuberculin skin test (TST) survey was conducted as part of a study on TB prevalence and incidence. All adolescents got TSTs at enrolment and returned after 72 hours for reading. A TST of ≥10mm if HIV negative or ≥ 5mm if HIV positive, was considered positive. Results: Of 5004 adolescents enrolled, 4808 (96%) returned for TST readings. Of these 2327(48.4%) were female, 861 (17.9%) had no BCG scar, and 23 (0.5%) were HIV positive. The baseline prevalence of tuberculous infection was 32% (95% CI 29-35%) with a corresponding ARTI of 2.6% (95% CI 2.2-3.1%). Male gender (OR 1.3, 95%CI 1.2,1.5), having a BCG scar (OR 1.4,95%CI 1.3,1.7) and not being enrolled in school (OR 1.8, 95%CI 1.4,2.3) were independent predictors of a positive tuberculin skin test at baseline. Conclusion: We conclude that the high TB transmission rates we found in this study, suggest that adolescents in this region may be an appropriate target group for TB vaccine trials including TB vaccine trials aiming to prevent infection.

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Section: This Is Consistent With Findings By Dodd Et Al Who Suggestedmentioning

confidence: 99%

Estimating the annual risk of infection with Mycobacterium tuberculosis among adolescents in Western Kenya in preparation for TB vaccine trials

Nduba

Hoog

Bruijn

et al. 2019

Preprint

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“…INH has been in clinical use for over 60 years [1] and standard regimens for active TB infections include two months treatment with INH, rifampicin, pyrazinamide and ethambutol or streptomycin, followed by an additional four months of INH and rifampicin treatment [2, 4, 5]. Management of latent TB infections typically involves administration of INH alone (for 6 or 9 months) or in combination with rifapentine (for 3 months) to individuals at high risk of developing active TB [6, 7]. Although effective, current therapeutic regimens are very lengthy and difficult to implement [8], and TB remains a major global health problem with more than 9 million new cases and 1.5 million deaths reported in 2013 [9].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

PharmGKB summary

Klein

Boukouvala

McDonagh

et al. 2016

Pharmacogenetics and Genomics

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“…Despite the unceasing global effort to eradicate TB, the decrease in global TB cases is not taking place equally throughout the world. In contrast to the significant reduction of global TB cases over past two decades (Chapman & Lauzardo, 2014), the figure in some regions is still beyond expectation. In Indonesia, for example, TB case is still high.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 63%

Expression of Mycobacterium tuberculosis Protein Tyrosine Phosphatase B in Escherichia coli and Its Recovery from Inclusion Body

et al. 2017

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The present study aims at expressing and partially purifying PtpB in active form. To achieve this, Mtb PtpB gene has been cloned into pET30a vector and overexpressed in Escherichia coli BL 21(DE3) under IPTG induction in the form of an inclusion body. Following resolubilization by urea and dialysis, the resulted PtpB has been shown to be active against para-Nitrophenyl phosphate. It is concluded that the resulted PtpB has had been recovered from inclusion body to give the active form of the enzyme, and thus the success in overexpressing PtpB provides the required material to investigate the biochemical properties of the pathogen virulence factor further.

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Advances in Diagnosis and Treatment of Latent Tuberculosis Infection

Cited by 27 publications

References 67 publications

Estimating the annual risk of infection with Mycobacterium tuberculosis among adolescents in Western Kenya in preparation for TB vaccine trials

Estimating the annual risk of infection with Mycobacterium tuberculosis among adolescents in Western Kenya in preparation for TB vaccine trials

PharmGKB summary

Expression of Mycobacterium tuberculosis Protein Tyrosine Phosphatase B in Escherichia coli and Its Recovery from Inclusion Body

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