Advances in dendritic cell targeting nano-delivery systems for induction of immune tolerance

Abstract

Dendritic cells (DCs) are the major specialized antigen-presenting cells (APCs), play a key role in initiating the body’s immune response, maintain the balance of immunity. DCs can also induce immune tolerance by rendering effector T cells absent and anergy, and promoting the expansion of regulatory T cells. Induction of tolerogenic DCs has been proved to be a promising strategy for the treatment of autoimmune diseases, organ transplantation, and allergic diseases by various laboratory researches and clinical trials. The development of nano-delivery systems has led to advances in situ modulation of the tolerance phenotype of DCs. By changing the material composition, particle size, zeta-potential, and surface modification of nanoparticles, nanoparticles can be used for the therapeutic payloads targeted delivery to DCs, endowing them with great potential in the induction of immune tolerance. This paper reviews how nano-delivery systems can be modulated for targeted delivery to DCs and induce immune tolerance and reviews their potential in the treatment of autoimmune diseases, organ transplantation, and allergic diseases.

Therapeutic synthetic and natural materials for immunoengineering

“…Alternatively, they can uptake particles larger than 200 nm via phagocytosis. 152 Many studies have characterized the influence of size on NP distribution and uptake, which should be an important consideration for the development of new NP-based therapies. 153 As a result, researchers have explored novel approaches to predict and modulate nanoparticle sizes using a variety of technologies.…”

Nanomaterial-Driven Precision Immunomodulation: A New Paradigm in Therapeutic Interventions

“…In D. melanogaster , the cGMP-dependent signaling pathway regulates NF-κB in the immune system. Engineered NPs exhibit a heightened ability to target DCs and promote the development of a tolerogenic phenotype during the induction of immune tolerance [ 97 , 98 ]. Table 5 summarizes the diverse mechanisms and pathways that offer promising targets for the therapeutic regulation and intervention of the immune system.…”