Advances in CRISPR-Cas9 for the Baculovirus Vector System: A Systematic Review

Abstract

The baculovirus expression vector systems (BEVS) have been widely used for the recombinant production of proteins in insect cells and with high insert capacity. However, baculovirus does not replicate in mammalian cells; thus, the BacMam system, a heterogenous expression system that can infect certain mammalian cells, was developed. Since then, the BacMam system has enabled transgene expression via mammalian-specific promoters in human cells, and later, the MultiBacMam system enabled multi-protein expression in mammalian cells. In this review, we will cover the continual development of the BEVS in combination with CRPISPR-Cas technologies to drive genome-editing in mammalian cells. Additionally, we highlight the use of CRISPR-Cas in glycoengineering to potentially produce a new class of glycoprotein medicines in insect cells. Moreover, we anticipate CRISPR-Cas9 to play a crucial role in the development of protein expression systems, gene therapy, and advancing genome engineering applications in the future.

The untapped potential of cell culture in disentangling insect-microbial relationships

“…The direct application of entomopathogens in insect cell line production has yet to be explored; however, this is not to suggest that pathogens may not have already played a critical role. Both existing A. mellifera cell lines (AmE-711 and MYN9) are known to be infected with deformed wing virus [77] , which could have contributed to their immortalization.…”

“…In this cell line, the inactivation of CDKN2A at two loci induced immortalization, but also maintained the characteristics of normal cells, including a normal p53 response [ 56 ] . CRISPR-Cas9 has also been used to edit several existing insect cell lines, including insect cell lines Sf-21 and S2R+ [ 78 , 79 ] . Despite great potential, CRISPR-Cas9 has not yet been employed to produce a novel insect cell line.…”