Advances in Consolidated Bioprocessing Using<i>Clostridium thermocellum</i>and<i>Thermoanaerobacter saccharolyticum</i>

Lynd, Lee R.; Guss, Adam M.; Himmel, Michael E.; Beri, Dhananjay; Herring, Chris; Holwerda, Evert K.; Murphy, Sean Jean‐Loup; Olson, Daniel G.; Paye, Julie M. D.; Rydzak, Thomas; Shao, Xiongjun; Tian, Liang; Worthen, Robert S.

doi:10.1002/9783527807796.ch10

Cited by 42 publications

(64 citation statements)

References 100 publications

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“…Several cultures of thermophilic anaerobic bacteria [19 ], and in particular Clostridium thermocellum [20 ], have been recently shown to be markedly more effective at deconstructing cellulosic biomass than industry-standard fungal cellulase under a broad range of conditions.…”

Section: An Illustrative Examplementioning

confidence: 99%

“…R&D advances needed to fully realize the performance assumed for Scenarios 3 and 4 are associated with developing thermophiles into robust biocatalysts, and in particular achieving high ethanol yields and titers at high solids loading with a cost-effective growth medium. Progress pursuant to these goals has recently been reviewed [20 ].…”

Section: An Illustrative Examplementioning

confidence: 99%

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Cellulosic ethanol: status and innovation

Lynd

Liang

Biddy

et al. 2017

Current Opinion in Biotechnology

314

193

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Although the purchase price of cellulosic feedstocks is competitive with petroleum on an energy basis, the cost of lignocellulose conversion to ethanol using today's technology is high. Cost reductions can be pursued via either in-paradigm or new-paradigm innovation. As an example of new-paradigm innovation, consolidated bioprocessing using thermophilic bacteria combined with milling during fermentation (cotreatment) is analyzed. Acknowledging the nascent state of this approach, our analysis indicates potential for radically improved cost competitiveness and feasibility at smaller scale compared to current technology, arising from (a) R&D-driven advances (consolidated bioprocessing with cotreatment in lieu of thermochemical pretreatment and added fungal cellulase), and (b) configurational changes (fuel pellet coproduction instead of electricity, gas boiler(s) in lieu of a solid fuel boiler).

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Section: An Illustrative Examplementioning

confidence: 99%

Section: An Illustrative Examplementioning

confidence: 99%

Cellulosic ethanol: status and innovation

Lynd

Liang

Biddy

et al. 2017

Current Opinion in Biotechnology

314

193

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

show abstract

“…CBP is considered the most efficient technique and economically viable, since it avoids the substantial costs due to the addition of enzymes. However, for CBP to be a cost‐competitive process, it is necessary to develop optimized micro‐organisms, which represents a challenge for metabolic engineering …”

Section: Lignocellulosic Feedstock Biorefinerymentioning

confidence: 99%

Bringing plant cell wall‐degrading enzymes into the lignocellulosic biorefinery concept

Silva

Vaz

Filho

2017

Biofuels Bioprod Bioref

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Recent decades have seen the growth of immense interest in lignocellulosic biomass conversion technologies. This interest is motivated by their huge potential for energy and bioproduct generation and reduced dependency on non-renewable feedstocks, leading to improved air quality and reduced emission of greenhouse gases. It is in this context that the lignocellulose biorefi nery concept arises. Among the lignocellulose conversion technologies available, enzymatic conversion has emerged as a promising candidate, since it represents a biomass management approach that integrates recycling and remediation in an environmentally friendly manner. Although already in existence, biorefi neries employing enzymatic conversion of lignocellulose are at an incipient stage. There remain many operational diffi culties, resulting in a very costly overall process that is refl ected in product price, reducing market competitiveness. Therefore, much research is still needed to improve the operational and fi nancial feasibility of this process. This paper covers general biorefi nery concepts, as well as new and associated concepts, such as the circular economy, bioeconomy, and waste biorefi nery. Subsequently, the global outlook, including examples of currently existing enzyme-based lignocellulose biorefi neries and their status, is described. The main technical and economic challenges are also discussed, and various potential tools for the optimization of biomass degradation in enzyme-based biorefi neries are presented. Finally, the future perspectives for the sector are considered, and models of the ideal biorefi nery and globally integrated biorefi nery hubs are proposed. These models may contribute to the future establishment of such biorefi neries as competitive industries, consistent with the sustainable bioelectro economy paradigm. (Brazil). His research focuses on the valorization of Brazilian agroindustrial residues, mainly sugarcane bagasse, as substrate for enzyme synthesis and conversion into bioproducts. He is currently involved in the investigation of pretreatment technologies to enhance holocellulase production when employing lignocellulosic materials as substrate for filamentous fungi. Raissa P. VazRaissa P. Vaz is a PhD student at the Department of Cell Biology of the University of Brasília (Brazil). Her work is focused mainly on immobilization, characterization, and applications of lignocellulose-degrading enzymes. Edivaldo X.F. FilhoEdivaldo X.F. Filho is Professor of Biochemistry at the Department of Cell Biology of the University of Brasília (Brazil). He conducts research in the fields of biochemistry and biotechnology, investigating the production, purification, characterization, and biotechnology applications of lignocellulose-degrading enzymes from filamentous fungi.

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“…Clostridium thermocellum is a moderate thermophile that has been extensively characterized and is one of the most effective organisms described to date at deconstructing cellulosic biomass 7,8 . In particular, several recent studies have found C. thermocellum to be 2-to 4-fold more effective than commercial fungal cellulase at solubilizing both woody and herbaceous lignocellulosic feedstocks 9,10 . Its thermophilic operating temperature may also be advantageous for industrial biomass conversion 11 .…”

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confidence: 99%

Development of a thermophilic coculture for corn fiber conversion to ethanol

et al. 2020

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The fiber in corn kernels, currently unutilized in the corn to ethanol process, represents an opportunity for introduction of cellulose conversion technology. We report here that Clostridium thermocellum can solubilize over 90% of the carbohydrate in autoclaved corn fiber, including its hemicellulose component glucuronoarabinoxylan (GAX). However, Thermoanaerobacterium thermosaccharolyticum or several other described hemicellulose-fermenting thermophilic bacteria can only partially utilize this GAX. We describe the isolation of a previously undescribed organism, Herbinix spp. strain LL1355, from a thermophilic microbiome that can consume 85% of the recalcitrant GAX. We sequence its genome, and based on structural analysis of the GAX, identify six enzymes that hydrolyze GAX linkages. Combinations of up to four enzymes are successfully expressed in T. thermosaccharolyticum. Supplementation with these enzymes allows T. thermosaccharolyticum to consume 78% of the GAX compared to 53% by the parent strain and increases ethanol yield from corn fiber by 24%.

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Advances in Consolidated Bioprocessing UsingClostridium thermocellumandThermoanaerobacter saccharolyticum

Cited by 42 publications

References 100 publications

Cellulosic ethanol: status and innovation

Cellulosic ethanol: status and innovation

Bringing plant cell wall‐degrading enzymes into the lignocellulosic biorefinery concept

Development of a thermophilic coculture for corn fiber conversion to ethanol

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