Advances in Computational Fluid Dynamics (CFD) Modeling of In-Cylinder Biodiesel Combustion

Cheng, Xinwei; Ng, Hoon Kiat; Gan, Suyin; Ho, Jee-Hou

doi:10.1021/ef4005237

Cited by 22 publications

(15 citation statements)

References 137 publications

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“…Therefore, there is a variety of mechanism reduction methods and schemes proposed including rate analysis for flame modeling [89], directed relation graph [90], generic algorithm [91] and simulation error minimization [92], among others which are tailored for intended applications. The reduction of different chemical kinetic mechanisms has been reviewed in several publications [88], [93], [94].…”

Section: Development Of Gasoline Surrogate Mechanismsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Developments in computational fluid dynamics modelling of gasoline direct injection engine combustion and soot emission with chemical kinetic modelling

Tan¹,

Bonatesta²,

Ng³

et al. 2016

Applied Thermal Engineering

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Designed to inject gasoline fuel directly into the combustion chamber, gasoline direct injection (GDI) combustion systems are gaining popularity among the automotive industry. This is because GDI engines offer less pumping and heat losses, enhanced fuel economy and improved transient response. Nonetheless, the technology is often associated with the emission of ultra-fine particulate matter (PM) to the atmosphere. With the increasingly stringent emission regulations, detailed understanding of PM formation within GDI engine configurations is very crucial. To complement the findings based on experimental and optical techniques, computational fluid dynamics (CFD) modeling has been widely utilized to study the in-cylinder physical and chemical events. The success of CFD simulations also requires an accurate representation of gasoline fuel kinetics. Set against the background, the present review reports on the recent developments in chemical kinetic modeling of gasoline fuels and CFD numerical studies for GDI engines emphasizing the combustion and emission stages. Regarding fuel kinetics, the use of primary reference fuel (PRF) and ternary reference fuel (TRF) mechanisms is evaluated. In addition, the current trend portrays a progression towards multi-component surrogate models to account for the complex mixture of practical fuels. It is however observed that many reaction mechanisms proposed in the literature are validated under homogeneous charge compression ignition (HCCI) engine conditions rather than GDI-related ones. CFD modeling of GDI engines typically covers the simulations of spray, mixture formation and combustion processes. Progress in combustion modeling for both homogeneous and stratified charge modes is discussed thoroughly. Still in its infancy, soot modeling studies for GDI engines are reviewed in which several soot models adapted are appraised. The majority of soot models have been previously applied in diesel combustion systems and flame configurations. Significant efforts are currently carried out to improve the model predictions of soot emission from GDI engines.

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Section: Development Of Gasoline Surrogate Mechanismsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Developments in computational fluid dynamics modelling of gasoline direct injection engine combustion and soot emission with chemical kinetic modelling

Tan¹,

Bonatesta²,

Ng³

et al. 2016

Applied Thermal Engineering

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“…CFD has been applied to study heat transfer, combustion, and multiphase systems. [13][14][15][16][17][18] Under the umbrella of multiphase flow regimes, the study of solid-liquid systems in mechanical mixing vessels has focused on turbulent operations. [19][20][21][22] Most of the studies have used Newtonian fluids (viscosity is independent of shear rate).…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…[13][14][15][16][17][18] Under the umbrella of multiphase flow regimes, the study of solid-liquid systems in mechanical mixing vessels has focused on turbulent operations. CFD can provide information that will otherwise be difficult to obtain through experimentation, helping to guide experiments.…”

mentioning

confidence: 99%

Enhancing biomass hydrolysis for biofuel production through hydrodynamic modeling and reactor design

Gaona

Lawryshyn

Saville

2019

Energy Science & Engineering

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A computational fluid dynamics model was developed to represent high‐solids enzymatic hydrolysis. This model accounted for the transient and multiphase (solids‐slurry) nature of the high‐solids enzymatic hydrolysis process. The model investigated the effect of slurry viscosity, rotational speed, and two impeller configurations on the distribution of insoluble solids. Initial CFD results identified segregation of the velocity contours for the non‐Newtonian slurry, which could potentially affect the reactor performance. The multiphase, transient CFD simulations showed that the first impeller configuration delayed the distribution of solids, and compartmentalized mixing in the reactor. The second impeller configuration, meanwhile, improved solids mixing and hydrolysis, while using lower rotational speeds (and thus, energy). The second impeller configuration also expanded the size of the pseudo‐cavern between impellers, which is critical for better dispersion of the solids. The CFD trends of the second impeller configuration were experimentally verified by conducting fed‐batch, high‐solids enzymatic hydrolysis trials with pretreated lignocellulose. The experimental results showed that the second impeller configuration provided better mixing of the non‐Newtonian slurry and enhanced solids‐enzyme interactions, leading to improved glucan‐to‐glucose conversion. This work illustrates that a transient multiphase CFD model can provide valuable insights into the design and optimization of high‐solids enzymatic hydrolysis reactors. The CFD model has identified pathways to improve the distribution of solids while reducing the energy needed for mixing. The CFD model can also guide experimental and design work to scale up these reactors from the laboratory to pilot and commercial scale.

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“…A review focusing on biodiesel combustion modeling is in the paper by Cheng et al (2013), dealing with advances achieved through three different approaches, namely use of surrogate chemical kinetic mechanisms, mechanism reduction methods, and thermo-physical properties models. In the first approach, given a set of target properties, a surrogate fuel can be used to emulate a real one.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Biofuel Powering of Internal Combustion Engines: Production Routes, Effect on Performance and CFD Modeling of Combustion

Costa

Piazzullo

2018

Front. Mech. Eng.

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The use of liquid or gaseous biofuels in reciprocating internal combustion engines (ICEs) is today a relevant issue as these systems are largely diffused for both steady power generation and transportation due to their flexibility and easiness of use. The improvement and perfect control of the combustion process under non-conventional fueling is mandatory to achieve high-energy efficiency without substantial changes to the architecture or the fuel supply system. In this perspective, the detailed characterization of multiphase reacting systems achievable though computational fluid dynamics (CFD) may give a decisive contribution. However, the assessed combustion models used for fossil fuels (diesel oil, gasoline, methane), tuned on the ground of a massive amount of experimental data, often results poor in predicting the actual behavior of renewable fuels whose composition and properties may change also according to technology for their production. Present work aims at filling some existing gaps in biofuel combustion modeling by performing investigations on two representative engine cases, for their characterization and performance enhancement. Two approaches are followed, namely through reduced chemical kinetics coupled with turbulence within a coherent flame schematization, and through a turbulent species transport approach with detailed kinetics. Simulations are first carried out on a compression ignition (CI) ICE. The formulation of a 3D CFD model is described to reproduce the performance of this engine in a dual-fuel mode with premixed syngas from biomass gasification and a biodiesel pilot injection leading to self-ignition. Pollutants formation and energy efficiency are calculated as syngas amount and the biodiesel start of injection (SOI) are varied. Attention is then focused on the implementation of renewable alcohol fuels (ethanol and butanol), as these lasts are receiving large interest due to low production costs. A validated reduced kinetic mechanism for PRF-ethanol-butanol combustion performs well in multi-component oxidation conditions, as well as in neat fuel oxidation conditions, in terms of ignition delay time, laminar flame speed and HCCI combustion conditions. The paper shows that CFD, even at different level of approximation, may describe into detail the combustion process and provide important guidelines for the design of new generation ICEs fuelled by biofuels.

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Advances in Computational Fluid Dynamics (CFD) Modeling of In-Cylinder Biodiesel Combustion

Cited by 22 publications

References 137 publications

Developments in computational fluid dynamics modelling of gasoline direct injection engine combustion and soot emission with chemical kinetic modelling

Developments in computational fluid dynamics modelling of gasoline direct injection engine combustion and soot emission with chemical kinetic modelling

Enhancing biomass hydrolysis for biofuel production through hydrodynamic modeling and reactor design

Biofuel Powering of Internal Combustion Engines: Production Routes, Effect on Performance and CFD Modeling of Combustion

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