Advances in Comparative Immunology

doi:10.1007/978-3-319-76768-0

Cited by 38 publications

(10 citation statements)

References 12 publications

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“…Lack of acquired (specific) immune response in crayfish is due to the lack of myeloid lineage cells being able to produce immunoglobulins (specific antibodies) against specific pathogens in the event of FIGURE 1 | Schematic presentation of crayfish immune response. Presentation of the main constituents of crayfish immune response alongside the cooperative action of the cellular-mediated and humoral-mediated responses and their corresponding factors (4,5,14,17,18,26,(28)(29)(30)(42)(43)(44)(45)(46)(47)(48)(49)(50)(51)(52)(53)(54).…”

Section: General Description Of Crayfish Immunitymentioning

confidence: 99%

“…repetitive infections (lack of memory). This lack of acquired immune response was found to be balanced by the enrichment of different cell-mediated strategies and several multi-type humoral factors, both constituting the innate defenses of the crayfish immunity (Figure 1) [e.g., multiple pathogen recognition receptors (PRRs)] (28,42). These defenses are activated in a cooperative way in order to initiate effective defensive actions and can be classified according to two main responses: a humoral-mediated response involving humoral factors produced and released by the immune cells (antimicrobial peptides, hydrolytic enzymes, and molecules of the ProPO system, etc.…”

Section: General Description Of Crayfish Immunitymentioning

confidence: 99%

“…However, functional mechanisms linking cooperative actions of the humoral-and cell-mediated responses of the innate immunity, need to be considered further (18,25). In doing so, the relationships between melanization, pathogen encapsulation, and immune cell production (i.e., hematopoiesis) need to be elucidated and integrated to the reported decrease in the number of circulating hemocytes (i.e., total hemocyte count [THC]), during infection (14)(15)(16)(17)(26)(27)(28)(29)(30)(31). In this context, the immune modulation of freshwater crayfish against A. astaci is still hampered by a smaller integration of the components of functional defenses (17,32).…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

See 2 more Smart Citations

A Comprehensive Review on Crustaceans’ Immune System With a Focus on Freshwater Crayfish in Relation to Crayfish Plague Disease

Bouallegui

2021

Front. Immunol.

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Freshwater crayfish immunity has received great attention due to the need for urgent conservation. This concern has increased the understanding of the cellular and humoral defense systems, although the regulatory mechanisms involved in these processes need updating. There are, however, aspects of the immune response that require clarification and integration. The particular issues addressed in this review include an overall description of the oomycete Aphanomyces astaci, the causative agent of the pandemic plague disease, which affects freshwater crayfish, and an overview of crustaceans’ immunity with a focus on freshwater crayfish. It includes a classification system of hemocyte sub-types, the molecular factors involved in hematopoiesis and the differential role of the hemocyte subpopulations in cell-mediated responses, including hemocyte infiltration, inflammation, encapsulation and the link with the extracellular trap cell death pathway (ETosis). In addition, other topics discussed include the identity and functions of hyaline cells, the generation of neoplasia, and the emerging topic of the role of sessile hemocytes in peripheral immunity. Finally, attention is paid to the molecular execution of the immune response, from recognition by the pattern recognition receptors (PRRs), the role of the signaling network in propagating and maintaining the immune signals, to the effector elements such as the putative function of the Down syndrome adhesion molecules (Dscam) in innate immune memory.

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Section: General Description Of Crayfish Immunitymentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: General Description Of Crayfish Immunitymentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

See 1 more Smart Citation

A Comprehensive Review on Crustaceans’ Immune System With a Focus on Freshwater Crayfish in Relation to Crayfish Plague Disease

Bouallegui

2021

Front. Immunol.

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“…The mechanisms of pathogen clearance are well-described in many animal species (Cooper 2018), but we currently know less about the mechanisms underlying disease tolerance. Given that tolerance reflects a distinct ability to maintain health independently of pathogen clearance, we might expect these mechanisms to be related to processes such as detoxification, reduction of inflammation, or tissue damage control and cellular renewal (Ayres and Schneider 2012;Soares, Teixeira, and Moita 2017;Soares, Gozzelino, and Weis 2014).…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Mechanisms of damage prevention, signalling, and repair impact disease tolerance

Prakash

Monteith

Vale

2021

Preprint

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Many insects thrive on decomposing and decaying organic matter containing a large diversity of both commensal and pathogenic microorganisms. The insect gut is therefore frequently exposed to pathogenic threats and must be able not only to detect and clear these potential infections, but also be able to repair the resulting damage to gut tissues in order to tolerate relatively high microbe loads. In contrast to the mechanisms that eliminate pathogens, we currently know less about the mechanisms of disease tolerance, and most of this knowledge stems from systemic infections. Here we investigated how well-described mechanisms that either prevent, signal, control, or repair tissue damage during infection contribute to the phenotype of disease tolerance during gut infection. We orally infected adult Drosophila melanogaster flies with the bacterial pathogen Pseudomonas entomophila in several loss-of-function mutants lacking epithelial responses including damage preventing dcy (drosocrystallin - a major component of the peritrophic matrix), damage signalling upd3 (unpaired protein, a cytokine-like molecule), damage controlling irc (immune-regulated catalase, a negative regulator of reactive oxygen species) and tissue damage repairing egfr1 (epidermal growth factor receptor). Overall, we detect effects of all these mechanisms on disease tolerance. The deterioration of the peritrophic matrix in dcy mutants resulted in the highest loss of tolerance, while loss of function of either irc or upd3 also reduced tolerance in both sexes. The absence of tissue damage repair signalling (egfr1) resulted in a severe loss in tolerance in male flies but had no substantial effect on the ability of female flies to tolerate P. entomophila infection, despite carrying greater microbe loads than males. Together, our findings provide empirical evidence for the role of damage limitation mechanisms in disease tolerance and highlight how sex differences in these mechanisms could generate sexual dimorphism in immunity.

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“…DN is manifested in an uncontrolled proliferation of neoplastic cells in the hemolymph 16 , which ultimately replace healthy hemocytes. To note, though neoplastic cells are usually also referred to as hemocytes, their tissue origin remains unknown 14,17 .…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

The root of the transmissible cancer: first description of a widespreadMytilus trossulus-derived cancer lineage inM. trossulus

Skazina

Odintsova

Maiorova

et al. 2020

Preprint

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Two lineages of bivalve transmissible neoplasia (BTN), BTN1 and BTN2, are known in blue mussels Mytilus. Both lineages derive from the Pacific mussel M. trossulus and are identified primarily by the unique genotypes of the nuclear gene EF1α. BTN1 is found in populations of M. trossulus from the Northeast Pacific, while BTN2 has been detected in populations of other Mytilus species worldwide but not in M. trossulus itself. The aim of our study was to examine mussels M. trossulus from the Sea of Japan (Northwest Pacific) for the presence of BTN. Using hemocytology and flow cytometry of the hemolymph, we confirmed disseminated neoplasia in our specimens. Cancerous mussels possessed the unique BTN2 EF1α genotype and two mitochondrial haplotypes with different recombinant control regions, similar to that of common BTN2 lineages. This is the first report of BTN2 in its original host species M. trossulus populations in West Pacific may be the birthplace of BTN2 and a natural reservoir where it is maintained and whence it spreads worldwide. A comparison of all available BTN and M. trossulus COI sequences suggests a common and recent, though presumably prehistoric origin of BTN2 diversity in populations of M. trossulus outside the Northeast Pacific.

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Advances in Comparative Immunology

Cited by 38 publications

References 12 publications

A Comprehensive Review on Crustaceans’ Immune System With a Focus on Freshwater Crayfish in Relation to Crayfish Plague Disease

A Comprehensive Review on Crustaceans’ Immune System With a Focus on Freshwater Crayfish in Relation to Crayfish Plague Disease

Mechanisms of damage prevention, signalling, and repair impact disease tolerance

The root of the transmissible cancer: first description of a widespreadMytilus trossulus-derived cancer lineage inM. trossulus

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