Advances in chemistry applied to forensic science

Rendle, David

doi:10.1039/b415890n

Cited by 47 publications

(26 citation statements)

References 26 publications

(37 reference statements)

Supporting

Mentioning

Contrasting

Unclassified

Order By: Relevance

“…Todas as técnicas analíticas descritas acima também são empregadas para a identificação e quantificação de adulterantes e diluentes. Técnicas simples de identificação direta (alteração de cor, precipitação, índice de turvação), utilizando reagentes específicos associados à Cromatografia em Camada Delgada (CCD) são importantes para triar os experimentos [10]. Tabela 1.…”

Section: Perfil Químico Da Cocaínaunclassified

Abordagens metodológicas que auxiliam na identificação química da cocaína apreendida no Brasil

Freitas¹,

Silva²,

Barbosa³

2017

Rev. Bras. Crimin.

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

ResumoO tráfico de drogas proscritas no Brasil tem aumentado consideravelmente. Um dos reflexos desse crescimento se dá pelo quantitativo apreendido pelos órgãos de segurança pública de drogas sintéticas, canabinóides e, em sua maioria, por cocaína. O Brasil encontra-se geograficamente localizado em uma área onde o cultivo de espécies da família Erythroxylaceae é beneficiado, além disso, faz fronteiras com os principais países produtores de cocaína no mundo, o que dificulta, sobremaneira, o combate ao seu tráfico. As polícias federal e civil têm identificado, constantemente, novos fornecedores e novos locais de refino de cocaína, logo, a identificação das rotas de tráfico, origem geográfica e dos seus distribuidores torna-se cada vez mais complexa exigindo dos órgãos de segurança pública e da comunidade forense em geral um melhor aprimoramento de suas metodologias de identificação e quantificação, de forma a fornecerem informações conclusivas para o combate ao seu tráfico. Assim, nesse trabalho, foram aval iadas as principais abordagens metodológicas que contribuem para a elucidação da identificação das amostras de cocaína apreendida no país.Palavras-Chave: Erythroxylum coca; Cocaína; Perfil químico. AbstractThe trafficking of banned drugs in Brazil has increased considerably. One of the consequences of this growth is the quantitative seized by public security organs of synthetic drugs, cannabinoids and, mostly cocaine. The Brazil is geographically located i n an area where the cultivation of Erythroxylaceae family species is benefited, moreover, it borders with major cocaine-producing countries in the world, making it difficult, exceedingly, combating their trafficking. The federal and civil polices have identified, constantly, new suppliers and new cocaine refining sites, so the identification of trafficking routes, geographical origin and its distributors becomes increasingly complex requiring law enforcement agencies and forensic community in general a better improvement of its identification and quantification methodologies in order to provide conclusive information to combat its trafficking. Thus, this study is intended to assess the main methodological approaches that contribute to the elucidation of the identification of cocaine samples seized in the country.

show abstract

Section: Perfil Químico Da Cocaínaunclassified

Abordagens metodológicas que auxiliam na identificação química da cocaína apreendida no Brasil

Freitas¹,

Silva²,

Barbosa³

2017

Rev. Bras. Crimin.

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

show abstract

“…An E-nose device identifies specific gaseous mixtures or individual compounds in the sample by comparing the output from the E-nose sensor array to reference databases, produced by instrumenttraining to recognize known mixtures or compounds, based on mathematical and statistical processes involving pattern recognition algorithms [5]. [6,13,[25][26][27][28] VLMS Table 1: Identification of components in forensic sample types (human manufactured products and body fluids containing volatile organic or inorganic compounds) using conventional chemical analyses and new potential electronic-nose technologies. Chemical abbreviations: HMX = octahydro-1,3,5,7-tetranitro-1,3,5,7-tetrazocine or cyclotetramethylenetetranitramine; MDA = 3,4-methylenedioxyamphetamine; MDMA = 3,4-methylenedioxymethylamphetamine; PETN = pentaerythritol tetranitrate; RDX = cyclotrimethylene-trinitramine; TATB = triamino-2,4,6-trinitrobenzene; tetryl = trinitrophenylmethylnitramine; ∆ 9 -THC = ∆ 9 -tetrahydrocannabinolic acid; TNT = trinitrotoluene.…”

Section: Forest Insect and Disease Research (Fidr) Southern Hardwoodmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Because certain types of E-nose devices are capable of detecting a wide range of compounds [17,52], they are commonly used to detect hazardous chemicals in the environment including industrial and sanitation wastes (air, water, and soil pollutants) [17], pesticides [62,63], medical wastes [64], and toxins [52]. Forensic sample types containing inorganic materials include firearm discharge residues (FDRs), non-firearm discharge residues (NFDRs), heavy metal toxins, primary explosives, particulates in pigments and extenders, glass, and soil samples [6]. Chemical explosives consist of compounds with inorganic or organic oxidized functional groups such as acetylides, azides, chlorates, fulminates, nitrates, nitrites, ozonides, perchlorates, and peroxides.…”

mentioning

confidence: 99%

Electronic-nose Applications in Forensic Science and for Analysis of Volatile Biomarkers in the Human Breath

Wilson¹

2014

Journal of Forensic Science & Criminology

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

The application of electronic-nose (E-nose) technologies in forensic science is a recent new development following a long history of progress in the development of diverse applications in the related biomedical and pharmaceutical fields. Data from forensic analyses must satisfy the needs and requirements of both the scientific and legal communities. The type of data collected from electronic-nose devices provides a means of identifying specific types of information about the chemical nature of evidentiary objects and samples under investigation using aroma signature profiles of complex gaseous mixtures containing volatile organic compounds (VOCs) released from manufactured products and parts of the human body. E-nose analyses also provide useful qualitative information about the physicochemical characteristics and metabolic conditions of human subjects without the need for time-consuming analyses to identify all chemical components in human-derived volatile mixtures. E-nose devices are capable of providing information for a wide range of forensic applications, useful for answering many types of questions relating to past events and details of circumstances and conditions that led to criminal activities involving human subjects and the perpetrators involved. E-nose devices have been used to help locate live subjects, buried in the rubble of collapsed buildings following natural disasters, as well as hidden bodies and the human remains of victims of accidents and crimes of aggression. The noninvasive analysis of gaseous mixtures in the human breath and lungs of living and deceased individuals provides a means for identifying the existence of diseases or adverse physiological conditions of human subjects (both before death and postmortem) potentially useful in determining the cause of death, time of death, and pertinent factors contributing to lethal events such as homicides and other violent crimes.

show abstract

“…These two techniques may not be applicable now that the purity has dropped to mostly below 6%. 40,41 If there is a need to establish the form of the drug, a recent literature procedure may be employed. 42 This will require the use of nuclear magnetic resonance (NMR) which is not available at the DOCM and IDL.…”

mentioning

confidence: 99%

Heroin in Malaysia and Singapore

Sulaiman

Kunalan

Yap

et al. 2017

Drug Testing and Analysis

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

Clandestine heroin laboratories have been a feature of the Malaysian illicit drug scene since soon after the abuse of heroin emerged in 1972. The first few clandestine heroin laboratories which synthesised heroin via the acetylation of imported morphine were uncovered in 1973 and 1977. By the mid-1980s, this type of laboratory was replaced by heroin-cutting laboratories whereby imported high-grade heroin was cut to street heroin. This was to meet the rising demand for the drug owing to the rapid escalation of the number of drug users. Over the years, the most significant change in the composition of the street heroin is the decrease in its purity from 30%-50% to 3%-5%. Caffeine has remained the major adulterant and chloroquine is detected in virtually all recent seizures.

show abstract

Advances in chemistry applied to forensic science

Cited by 47 publications

References 26 publications

Abordagens metodológicas que auxiliam na identificação química da cocaína apreendida no Brasil

Abordagens metodológicas que auxiliam na identificação química da cocaína apreendida no Brasil

Electronic-nose Applications in Forensic Science and for Analysis of Volatile Biomarkers in the Human Breath

Heroin in Malaysia and Singapore

Contact Info

Product

Resources

About