Advances in calcium phosphate coatings - anodic spark deposition: a review

Abstract

High voltage anodization of titanium in the presence of an electrolytic medium containing calcium and phosphate ions has shown improved osteointegration and biocompatibility compared to untreated titanium. Processing parameters influence the unique porous microstructure developed during anodization. These parameters tailor the specific properties of the surface to achieve improved osseointegration of an implant. In addition, subsequent treatment following anodization further alters the microstructure. Numerous studies have examined the influence of these properties on the cellular response and the mechanical properties in terms of coating adhesion and pull-out strength in bone; however, there are conflicting reports on the cellular responses. This review examines those processing parameters and the related influence on cellular responses and mechanical properties. In addition, this review provides a summary of published reports regarding the work related to the advancement of calcium phosphate coatings achieved through high voltage anodization.

Biofilm formation on titanium implants counteracted by grafting gallium and silver ions

“…Among many different surface modification techniques available today to produce biomimetic coatings on titanium and titanium alloys, ASD offers the advantage of obtaining mechanically stable and reproducible coatings on 3D complex geometries, such as those of dental implants or joint prostheses, enabling to achieve a very thin layer with advanced modulation of the chemical composition and topographic structure. For these reasons, ASD is one of the most versatile and powerful treatments for orthopedic and dental implant applications . Moreover, ASD overcomes the drawbacks deriving from coating delamination, due to limited coating adherence.…”

“…For these reasons, ASD is one of the most versatile and powerful treatments for orthopedic and dental implant applications. 46 Moreover, ASD overcomes the drawbacks deriving from coating delamination, due to limited coating adherence. ASD treatments were performed in different electrolytic solutions containing sil-ver and gallium, which are known to express bactericidal properties against a significant variety of pathogens (such as bacteria, fungi, and viruses) without evoking microbial resistance, unlike what is occurring today with a large number of antibiotics being used.…”

Antibacterial Effects of Modified Implant Abutment Surfaces for the Prevention of Peri-Implantitis—A Systematic Review

“…In this process, an electrical bias voltage with comparatively low currents is applied while the substrates are immersed in an acid bath [ 25 ]. In this context anodic spark deposition technique (ASD) performed by Visai et al, [ 17 ] is a novel anodic oxidation technique to integrate calcium and phosphate ions within the microporous structure of titanium oxide [ 26 ]. In addition, a thickening of the oxide layer and a change in titanium color can be achieved for aesthetic purposes [ 17 ].…”