Advances in Brain Delivery Systems Based on Biomimetic Nanoparticles

Abstract

At present, therapeutics for the diseases of central nervous system (CNS) are complicated by the presence of the blood-brain barrier (BBB). The BBB maintains intracranial homeostasis and facilitates brain-body communications, but hinders the effectiveness of drug-delivery systems based on nanoparticles (NPs). Great efforts have been devoted to the imprvement of NP-based brain delivery over the past decades. In addition to chemical modifications, biomimetic technologies such as cell membranes or neurotropic viruses camouflage, immune cells or extracellular vesicles (EVs) loading are promising candidates to make NPs ideal vehicles. This review summarizes the characteristics and transport mechanisms of BBB, and the recent advances in biomimetic technologies as well as administration methods that enhance the BBB penetration and targeting capabilities of NPs.

Exploiting Hydrogen Interaction of Drugs and Biodegradable Scaffolds Using Nanoparticles Loaded Nanofibers

“…In drug delivery, surface functionalization of biopolymer based nanofibers is one of the best candidates for the safe support of drugs due to the small size, surface site-specific, and targetoriented delivery. [1][2][3] Numerous methods were noticed to synthesize, formulate, and surface engineering of bio-polymers, such as plasma processing, biochemical methods, physical vapor deposition, chemical, sol-gel, oxidation, carburization, and ion implantation. [4][5][6] These techniques aim to reduce the limitations of free therapeutics and navigate biological barrierssystemic, micro-environmental, and cellular.…”

Macrophage–Cancer Hybrid Membrane-Camouflaged Nanoplatforms for HIF-1α Gene Silencing-Enhanced Sonodynamic Therapy of Glioblastoma

“…Nowadays, many brain delivery strategies have been proposed to improve the BBB-penetration efficiency, including opening the tight junctions using hyperosmotic solutions, mechanical action or focused ultrasound, and chemical modification of BBB-penetration ligands on the surface of drugs. − Nevertheless, these strategies suffer from either inevitable side effects or poor delivery efficiency, which hamper their widespread applications in GBM therapy. To overcome these limitations, biomimetic cell membrane (CM) coating techniques have emerged as efficient ways to fabricate drug delivery systems with a high drug loading efficiency and enhanced BBB crossing. − The CM-coated nanoparticles (NPs) possess good targeting capability depending on the specific proteins on the membrane and nonimmunogenicity due to the endogenous origin of CM . GBM CM-modified NPs are commonly used for GBM therapy; however, they need to be further decorated with BBB-penetration ligands to achieve efficient BBB crossing. , The design of hybrid biomimetic nanoplatforms by fusion of two kinds of cell membranes with integrated functions has currently been explored, − which provides a powerful tool for the development of nanoagents with good BBB-penetration and tumor-targeting capabilities.…”