Advances in biodegradable piezoelectrics for medical implants

Recent advances in piezoelectric and triboelectric self-powered sensors for human–machine interface applications

“…where D is represents the electric displacement, T is the stress tensor, E is the electric field intensity, and S is the strain tensor, d is the matrix of piezoelectric strain constants, d T is the transpose matrix of d, ε T is the free dielectric constant matrix, and s E is short-circuit elastic flexibility coefficient matrix [23].…”

Lightweight, Self-Poled, Flexible Piezoelectric Tungsten Disulfide Quantum Dots-Reinforced PVDF-HFP-Based Nanogenerator

“…11,12 Moreover, in the fabrication of the flexible nanogenerator in a polymer matrix with various inorganic nanostructures, the morphology variation of the piezoelectric nanomaterials plays a significant role and usually, random distribution of the nanorods, nanosheets, nanorings, and nanobelts in polymers degrades the performance of the nanogenerators. 13,14 Therefore, to enhance the efficiency of flexible piezoelectric nanogenerators, the selection of piezoelectric nanomaterials' morphology with high piezoelectric properties is still a challenge and highly desirable. 15,16 Recently, transition metal dichalcogenides (TMDCs) have received substantial consideration owing to their outstanding properties, including a high surface-to-volume ratio, good mechanical flexibility, piezoelectric properties, excellent charge transport, and mechanical strength with tunable band gap energy, and their potential applications in next-generation electronics, optoelectronics, and energy devices.…”

“…Recently, numerous nanogenerator devices have been reported that convert tiny vibrations such as body motion, eye blinking, wind, blood flow, and walking into electrical energy. , Piezoelectric nanogenerators have been also utilized to operate portable and nanoscale electronic devices including LEDs, mobile phones, and self-powered devices such as mercury sensors, pressure sensors, pH sensors, and motion detectors. , Recently, various types of inorganic piezoelectric nanostructured materials such as BaTiO 3 , GaN, ZnO, PbZnTiO2, and NaNbO 3 have been utilized to develop the nanogenerators. − However, to fabricate the flexible nanogenerator, various polymers are required as the host matrix . Further, the fabrication process of the flexible nanogenerator device needs sophisticated equipment and complicated processes such as lithography and e-beam process. , Moreover, in the fabrication of the flexible nanogenerator in a polymer matrix with various inorganic nanostructures, the morphology variation of the piezoelectric nanomaterials plays a significant role and usually, random distribution of the nanorods, nanosheets, nanorings, and nanobelts in polymers degrades the performance of the nanogenerators. , Therefore, to enhance the efficiency of flexible piezoelectric nanogenerators, the selection of piezoelectric nanomaterials’ morphology with high piezoelectric properties is still a challenge and highly desirable. , Recently, transition metal dichalcogenides (TMDCs) have received substantial consideration owing to their outstanding properties, including a high surface-to-volume ratio, good mechanical flexibility, piezoelectric properties, excellent charge transport, and mechanical strength with tunable band gap energy, and their potential applications in next-generation electronics, optoelectronics, and energy devices. , Among various TMDCs, semiconductor WS 2 has become a hot material due to its superior properties over others, such as indirect band gap and strong spin–orbit coupling, along with high carrier mobility and outstanding piezoelectric properties . The exceptional properties of WS 2 are because of layered structures being held together by van der Waals interaction and strong covalent intralayer bonds .…”

Exploring Multifunctional Response of Ca10(PO4)6(OH)2–K0.5Na0.5NbO3 Ceramic Composite for Biomedical Applications

“…Their research paved the way to achieve biosafe medical implants for biosensing and energy-harvesting applications to power implantable electronic devices. The stimulation was shown to control a wide range of cell behaviors like cell migration, proliferation, apoptosis and differentiation that are crucial to the healing and regeneration of tissues . There have also been several reports citing the development of scaffolds with controlled porosity and excellent biomechanical properties that serve as the platform for the growth of bone cells and tissue. , The scaffolds demonstrate improved osteoconductivity and cell adherence and the standard practice demands their fabrication using the advanced 3D printing technology …”