Advances and Perspectives in Prostate Cancer Biomarker Discovery in the Last 5 Years through Tissue and Urine Metabolomics

Lima, Ana Rita; Pinto, Joana; Amaro, Filipa; Bastos, Maria de Lourdes; Carvalho, Márcia; Pinho, Paula Guedes de

doi:10.3390/metabo11030181

Cited by 48 publications

(68 citation statements)

References 108 publications

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“…Globally, prostate cancer is the second most commonly diagnosed cancer in men, and a considerable body of evidence now suggests that abdominal obesity and chronic hyperinsulinemia are associated with a higher risk of this disease [57,58] . One of the main limitations of using prostate-specific antigen serum levels is that they cannot invariably differentiate benign prostate hypertrophy from cancer, while identifying persons with indolent from those with aggressive prostate cancer [51,59] .…”

Section: Prostate Cancermentioning

confidence: 99%

Precision medicine approaches in metabolic disorders and target organ damage: where are we now, and where are we going?

Lonardo¹,

Byrne²,

Targher³

2021

MTOD

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In this review, we discuss selected topics which are relevant to implementing precision medicine in metabolic disorders. Personalization of diet and exercise may help in preventing obesity and type 2 diabetes (T2D). Weight loss should be personalized based on age, sex, ethnicity, and coexisting comorbidities. Advances in our understanding of the pathophysiology, genetics, and epigenetics of obesity promise to offer tailored management options. Careful risk assessment is necessary prior to intervention. Risk may be underestimated, e.g., in women, in different ethnic groups, and in people with T2D. More personalized approaches could be useful among persons who failed to respond to traditional risk factor management, such as pharmacological treatment for dyslipidemia and arterial hypertension. Nonalcoholic fatty liver disease/metabolic-associated fatty liver disease (NAFLD/MAFLD) is both a cause and an effect of altered glucose and lipid metabolism. Personalized medicine approaches could be key to identify more effective pharmacological strategies as well as to reverse this common and burdensome metabolic liver disease. Finally, metabolomics could be used to identify relevant biomarkers for cancer diagnosis, staging, and prognostication. Cancers of the colon and rectum, breast, prostate, thyroid, and ovaries illustrate the notion that cancer cell metabolic derangements may be utilized in clinical practice. A true personalization of pharmacotherapies should be pursued especially in obese patients with cancer.

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Section: Prostate Cancermentioning

confidence: 99%

Precision medicine approaches in metabolic disorders and target organ damage: where are we now, and where are we going?

Lonardo¹,

Byrne²,

Targher³

2021

MTOD

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“…New advances have been found to describe metabolic alterations that describe tumor growth [24]. The metabolic landscape of tissue and urine was characterized in other studies (for a review, see [25]), and new statistical approaches have been tested for the metabolic profiling of prostate tissue and serum samples [20]. Untargeted metabolomics is a "hypothesis-generating discovery strategy" that compares different groups of samples (e.g., cancer vs. controls) [26], which is a promising approach to identify novel metabolic markers.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Plasma Metabolomics for Discovery of Early Metabolic Markers of Prostate Cancer Based on Ultra-High-Performance Liquid Chromatography-High Resolution Mass Spectrometry

Lin

Lécuyer

Liu

et al. 2021

Cancers

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Background: The prevention and early screening of PCa is highly dependent on the identification of new biomarkers. In this study, we investigated whether plasma metabolic profiles from healthy males provide novel early biomarkers associated with future risk of PCa. Methods: Using the Supplémentation en Vitamines et Minéraux Antioxydants (SU.VI.MAX) cohort, we identified plasma samples collected from 146 PCa cases up to 13 years prior to diagnosis and 272 matched controls. Plasma metabolic profiles were characterized using ultra-high-performance liquid chromatography-high resolution mass spectrometry (UHPLC-HRMS). Results: Orthogonal partial least squares discriminant analysis (OPLS-DA) discriminated PCa cases from controls, with a median area under the receiver operating characteristic curve (AU-ROC) of 0.92 using a 1000-time repeated random sub-sampling validation. Sparse Partial Least Squares Discriminant Analysis (sPLS-DA) identified the top 10 most important metabolites (p < 0.001) discriminating PCa cases from controls. Among them, phosphate, ethyl oleate, eicosadienoic acid were higher in individuals that developed PCa than in the controls during the follow-up. In contrast, 2-hydroxyadenine, sphinganine, L-glutamic acid, serotonin, 7-keto cholesterol, tiglyl carnitine, and sphingosine were lower. Conclusion: Our results support the dysregulation of amino acids and sphingolipid metabolism during the development of PCa. After validation in an independent cohort, these signatures may promote the development of new prevention and screening strategies to identify males at future risk of PCa.

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“…The observation, analysis, and interpretation of the metabolites’ entirety, i.e., the metabolome, can therefore provide us with a metabolic “snapshot” or “fingerprint” of the current state of an organism. The ability of metabolomics studies to provide deeper insights into fundamental disease pathomechanisms has already been demonstrated for numerous other chronic diseases, including diabetes [ 9 , 10 ], cardiovascular diseases [ 11 ], and cancer [ 12 ]. Metabolomics is increasingly recognized as a valuable tool in the field of nephrology [ 13 ].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Chronic Kidney Disease Cohort Studies: A Guide to Metabolome Analyses

et al. 2021

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Kidney diseases still pose one of the biggest challenges for global health, and their heterogeneity and often high comorbidity load seriously hinders the unraveling of their underlying pathomechanisms and the delivery of optimal patient care. Metabolomics, the quantitative study of small organic compounds, called metabolites, in a biological specimen, is gaining more and more importance in nephrology research. Conducting a metabolomics study in human kidney disease cohorts, however, requires thorough knowledge about the key workflow steps: study planning, sample collection, metabolomics data acquisition and preprocessing, statistical/bioinformatics data analysis, and results interpretation within a biomedical context. This review provides a guide for future metabolomics studies in human kidney disease cohorts. We will offer an overview of important a priori considerations for metabolomics cohort studies, available analytical as well as statistical/bioinformatics data analysis techniques, and subsequent interpretation of metabolic findings. We will further point out potential research questions for metabolomics studies in the context of kidney diseases and summarize the main results and data availability of important studies already conducted in this field.

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Advances and Perspectives in Prostate Cancer Biomarker Discovery in the Last 5 Years through Tissue and Urine Metabolomics

Cited by 48 publications

References 108 publications

Precision medicine approaches in metabolic disorders and target organ damage: where are we now, and where are we going?

Precision medicine approaches in metabolic disorders and target organ damage: where are we now, and where are we going?

Plasma Metabolomics for Discovery of Early Metabolic Markers of Prostate Cancer Based on Ultra-High-Performance Liquid Chromatography-High Resolution Mass Spectrometry

Chronic Kidney Disease Cohort Studies: A Guide to Metabolome Analyses

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