Advances and challenges in improvement of the electrochemical performance for lead-acid batteries: A comprehensive review

Zhang, Yong; Zhou, Chenggang; Yang, Jing; Xue, Shun-chang; Gao, Haili; Yan, Xin-hua; Huo, Qing-yuan; Shi-wen, Wang; Cao, Yang; Yan, Ji; Gao, Kezheng; Wang, Lixia

doi:10.1016/j.jpowsour.2021.230800

Cited by 84 publications

(18 citation statements)

References 88 publications

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“…Chemical batteries include lead-acid batteries and lithium-ion batteries. Lead-acid batteries are the most widely used in the automotive industry due to their low price and mature technology [88]. There has been a gradual increase in the use of EoL lithiumion batteries throughout the world in recent years.…”

Section: Development Status and Trendmentioning

confidence: 99%

Literature Review on Power Battery Echelon Reuse and Recycling from a Circular Economy Perspective

Nie

Wang

et al. 2023

IJERPH

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Developing new energy vehicles (NEVs) is necessary to grow the low-carbon vehicle industry. Many concentrated end-of-life (EoL) power batteries will cause large-scale environmental pollution and safety accidents when the time comes to replace the first generation of batteries if improper recycling and disposal methods are utilized. Significant negative externalities will result for the environment and other economic entities. When recycling EoL power batteries, some countries need to solve problems about lower recycling rates, unclear division of echelon utilization scenarios, and incomplete recycling systems. Therefore, this paper first analyzes representative countries’ power battery recycling policies and finds out the reasons for the low recycling rate in some countries. It is also found that echelon utilization is the critical link to EoL power battery recycling. Secondly, this paper summarizes the existing recycling models and systems to form a complete closed-loop recycling process from the two stages of consumer recycling and corporate disposal of batteries. The policies and recycling technologies are highly concerned with echelon utilization, but few studies focus on analyzing application scenarios of echelon utilization. Therefore, this paper combines cases to delineate the echelon utilization scenarios clearly. Based on this, the 4R EoL power battery recycling system is proposed, which improves the existing recycling system and can recycle EoL power batteries efficiently. Finally, this paper analyzes the existing policy problems and existing technical challenges. Based on the actual situation and future development trends, we propose development suggestions from the government, enterprises, and consumers to achieve the maximum reused of EoL power batteries.

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Section: Development Status and Trendmentioning

confidence: 99%

Literature Review on Power Battery Echelon Reuse and Recycling from a Circular Economy Perspective

Nie

Wang

et al. 2023

IJERPH

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“…57,62 The bipolar lead-acid battery system is the subject of a recent study on leadacid battery systems. Zhang et al 67 present the most recent information regarding the application performance enhancements and flaws of lead-acid battery systems. Due to a scarcity of pure lead, researchers added more compounds to boost the system's efficiency.…”

Section: Lead-acid Batteriesmentioning

confidence: 99%

A comprehensive state‐of‐the‐art review of electrochemical battery storage systems for power grids

Solyalı

Safaei

Zargar

et al. 2022

Intl J of Energy Research

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Summary As the world's population and living standards rise, energy suppliers will face increased electrical energy needs. Furthermore, the European Commission has established a goal to reduce fossil fuel use and greenhouse gas emissions in accordance with the Kyoto and Paris Protocols. As a result, governments are more likely to integrate renewable energy into their electricity grids. However, since renewable energy resources are intermittent, power grid systems confront considerable hurdles. By overcoming the intermittency of renewable energy resources, battery storage systems are one way to optimize load and demand. Many studies show that the stored energy can be used in high demand. This may reduce the cost of production in the long run. Energy storage systems can also provide voltage and frequency regulation to power systems when connected to the transmission and/or distribution lines. The application and benefits of battery storage devices in electricity grids are discussed in this study. The pros and disadvantages of various electrochemical batteries, including their structure, energy capacity, and application areas, are compared and summarized and their benefits and drawbacks are included. Finally, the research demonstrates how electrochemical battery technologies and power grids have collaborated.

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“…This helps to prevent sulfation and improves the utilization of NAM under high current. [1][2][3][4][5] Supercapacitors are mainly divided into double-layer capacitors and pseudocapacitors. [6][7][8] The capacitance of a pseudocapacitor is produced by a redox reaction at the electrode.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Ash‐Free Porous Carbon as the Negative Additive of Lead‐Acid Batteries and Supercapacitors

et al. 2023

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Herein, a simple method to prepare porous carbon that inhibits hydrogen evolution is used, which has enormous advantages for both capacitors and lead‐acid batteries. The quantitative filter paper spongy porous carbon (SQFPC) is successfully synthesized by the two‐step method. SQFPC displays a porous, spongy structure with a large specific surface area (1847 m2 g−1). In electrochemical tests, SQFPC exhibits high specific capacitance (244 F g−1 at 1 A g−1) and a capacitance retention rate of 72.5% at 40 A g−1. In addition, the capacity of the battery with 0.5 wt% SQFPC is improved by 57.6% at a discharge rate of 0.1C, and the cycle life under the high‐rate partial state of charge is 9.3 times that of the blank battery. The enhanced battery performance is related to the unique structure and surface functional groups of carbon, which speed up ion movement inside the battery and provide active sites for lead deposition.

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Advances and challenges in improvement of the electrochemical performance for lead-acid batteries: A comprehensive review

Cited by 84 publications

References 88 publications

Literature Review on Power Battery Echelon Reuse and Recycling from a Circular Economy Perspective

Literature Review on Power Battery Echelon Reuse and Recycling from a Circular Economy Perspective

A comprehensive state‐of‐the‐art review of electrochemical battery storage systems for power grids

Ash‐Free Porous Carbon as the Negative Additive of Lead‐Acid Batteries and Supercapacitors

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