Advancements in the development of nucleic acid vaccines for syphilis prevention and control

Li, S.; Li, Weiwei; Jin, Yiping; Wu, Bin; Wu, Yimou

doi:10.1080/21645515.2023.2234790

Cited by 5 publications

(4 citation statements)

References 113 publications

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“…Previously, naked plasmids needed to be deposited in relatively large concentrations. Novel ideas about the delivery vector have expanded the scope and efficacy of DNA vaccines [ 167 ]. The typical DNA plasmid can be attached to a nanoparticle (<100 nm), which is a microscopic synthetic polymer such as starch, cellulose, silk, collagen, gelatin, albumin and chitosan (from chitin) chosen for biocompatibility, biodegradability, and low toxicity.…”

Section: Deliverymentioning

confidence: 99%

“…In recent years, several studies have focused on the advances in this field [ 168 ]. Alternatively, cytoplasm-free, non-denatured Gram-negative bacterial cell envelopes, known as “bacterial ghosts’, are being explored for their inherent cell and tissue affinity, ease of production, and storage capabilities that do not require refrigeration, as well as their potential to inherently induce the innate immune system [ 39 , 167 ].…”

Section: Deliverymentioning

confidence: 99%

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DNA Vaccines: Their Formulations, Engineering and Delivery

Kozak,

2024

Vaccines

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The concept of DNA vaccination was introduced in the early 1990s. Since then, advancements in the augmentation of the immunogenicity of DNA vaccines have brought this technology to the market, especially in veterinary medicine, to prevent many diseases. Along with the successful COVID mRNA vaccines, the first DNA vaccine for human use, the Indian ZyCovD vaccine against SARS-CoV-2, was approved in 2021. In the current review, we first give an overview of the DNA vaccine focusing on the science, including adjuvants and delivery methods. We then cover some of the emerging science in the field of DNA vaccines, notably efforts to optimize delivery systems, better engineer delivery apparatuses, identify optimal delivery sites, personalize cancer immunotherapy through DNA vaccination, enhance adjuvant science through gene adjuvants, enhance off-target and heritable immunity through epigenetic modification, and predict epitopes with bioinformatic approaches. We also discuss the major limitations of DNA vaccines and we aim to address many theoretical concerns.

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Section: Deliverymentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Deliverymentioning

confidence: 99%

DNA Vaccines: Their Formulations, Engineering and Delivery

Kozak,

2024

Vaccines

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“…Despite considerable progress in understanding the disease over the years, challenges in effectively controlling and eradicating syphilis still persist [2]. The emergence of Venereology 2023, 2 148 antibiotic-resistant strains, complex immunological interactions, and the lack of an effective vaccine underscore the need for innovative research to address this longstanding public health issue [3,4]. Furthermore, recent publications have shed new light on the epidemiology of syphilis and its interactions with other infectious diseases, particularly in people living with HIV [5].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Advancing Syphilis Research: Exploring New Frontiers in Immunology and Pharmacological Interventions

Fajemiroye,

Moreira,

Ito

et al. 2023

Venereology

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In recent years, the global resurgence of syphilis has posed significant challenges to public health. This sexually transmitted infection, caused by the bacterium Treponema pallidum, can have severe consequences if left untreated, including neurological and cardiovascular complications. Diagnosing syphilis is complex due to its diverse clinical presentations, necessitating a multifaceted approach, including serological, molecular, and direct techniques such as dark-field microscopy. Penicillin remains the primary and effective treatment, but emerging macrolide-resistant strains have spurred investigations into alternative antibiotics. Syphilis vaccine development faces unique hurdles, yet promising strategies are under investigation. Targeted prevention strategies focus on high-risk populations such as men who have sex with men, pregnant women, and individuals with multiple sexual partners. The integration of syphilis services into primary healthcare enhances accessibility, early detection, and treatment. Innovative point-of-care diagnostics offer rapid, sensitive testing, while ongoing vaccine research holds the potential for long-term prevention. Addressing the global burden of syphilis requires a multifaceted approach, encompassing immunological advancements, innovative diagnostics, targeted prevention, and primary healthcare integration. Collaborative efforts between governments, healthcare systems, researchers, and communities are essential to effectively combat syphilis, striving toward a syphilis-free future that promotes better sexual health and overall well-being.

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“…Despite considerable progress in understanding the disease over the years, challenges in effectively controlling and eradicating syphilis still persist. The emergence of antibiotic-resistant strains, complex immunological interactions, and the lack of an effective vaccine, underscores the need for innovative research to address this longstanding public health issue [2,3].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Advancing Syphilis Research: Exploring New Frontiers in Immunology and Pharmacological Interventions

Fajemiroye,

Moreira,

Ito

et al. 2023

Preprint

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Syphilis continues to be a significant global health concern, and understanding the latest advancements in immunology and pharmacological treatment is crucial for effective disease management. This review article provides an in-depth exploration of these advancements, aiming to contribute to the growing body of knowledge on syphilis research. The epidemiology of syphilis sets the stage for this review, highlighting the persistent burden of the disease worldwide. Current trends and challenges in disease control are discussed, shedding light on the need for comprehensive prevention strategies and improved surveillance systems. The immunological aspects of syphilis are the focus of this review. The intricate interplay between the host immune response and the evasive strategies employed by Treponema pallidum, the causative agent of syphilis, are explored. These include the mechanisms of immune evasion, the role of adaptive and innate immunity, and the development of immune-mediated tissue damage. The article also highlights advancements in diagnostic methods, with emphasis on the importance of accurate and timely detection. From traditional serological tests to the emergence of novel molecular and point-of-care assays, these developments have significantly improved the efficiency and accuracy of syphilis diagnosis. In terms of pharmacological treatment, the review covers the current recommendations and emerging strategies for managing syphilis infections. The challenges posed by antimicrobial resistance are addressed, emphasizing the importance of appropriate treatment regimens and close monitoring of therapeutic efficacy. Looking to the future, this review highlights the potential of vaccine development as a preventive measure against syphilis. Promising vaccine candidates and ongoing research efforts are discussed, offering hope for an effective means of disease prevention. In conclusion, this comprehensive review explores the advancements in syphilis research, from the understanding of immunological complexities to the development of innovative treatment strategies. By collectively advancing our knowledge, we can strive towards better disease management and minimize the impact of syphilis on global public health.

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Advancements in the development of nucleic acid vaccines for syphilis prevention and control

Cited by 5 publications

References 113 publications

DNA Vaccines: Their Formulations, Engineering and Delivery

DNA Vaccines: Their Formulations, Engineering and Delivery

Advancing Syphilis Research: Exploring New Frontiers in Immunology and Pharmacological Interventions

Advancing Syphilis Research: Exploring New Frontiers in Immunology and Pharmacological Interventions

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