Advancements in Nitrogen Metabolism in Grapevine

Loulakakis, Konstantinos A.; Morot‐Gaudry, Jean‐François; Velanis, Christos N.; Skopelitis, Damianos S.; Moschou, Panagiotis N.; Hirel, Bertrand; Roubelakis‐Angelakis, Kalliopi A.

doi:10.1007/978-90-481-2305-6_7

Cited by 11 publications

(15 citation statements)

References 142 publications

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“…Moreover, this group of QTLs also showed a coincidence with the Gdh1 locus, which therefore appears to be a good candidate gene, influencing yield. Previously, two QTLs for leaf GDH activity were found to be positively coincident with two QTLs for KY (Dubois et al, 2003;Gallais & Hirel, 2004), which confirms the hypothesis that GDH activity may be an important factor controlling plant productivity (Ameziane et al, 2000;Dubois et al, 2003;Loulakakis et al, 2009).…”

Section: Discussionsupporting

confidence: 64%

Can genetic variability for nitrogen metabolism in the developing ear of maize be exploited to improve yield?

Cañas

Quilleré

Galláis³

et al. 2012

New Phytologist

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Summary• Quantitative trait loci (QTLs) for the main steps of nitrogen (N) metabolism in the developing ear of maize (Zea mays L.) and their co-localization with QTLs for kernel yield and putative candidate genes were searched in order to identify chromosomal regions putatively involved in the determination of yield.• During the grain-filling period, the changes in physiological traits were monitored in the cob and in the developing kernels, representative of carbon and N metabolism in the developing ear. The correlations between these physiological traits and traits related to yield were examined and localized with the corresponding QTLs on a genetic map.• Glycine and serine metabolism in developing kernels and the cognate genes appeared to be of major importance for kernel production. The importance of kernel glutamine synthesis in the determination of yield was also confirmed.• The genetic and physiological bases of N metabolism in the developing ear can be studied in an integrated manner by means of a quantitative genetic approach using molecular markers and genomics, and combining agronomic, physiological and correlation studies. Such an approach leads to the identification of possible new regulatory metabolic and developmental networks specific to the ear that may be of major importance for maize productivity.

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Section: Discussionsupporting

confidence: 64%

Can genetic variability for nitrogen metabolism in the developing ear of maize be exploited to improve yield?

Cañas

Quilleré

Galláis³

et al. 2012

New Phytologist

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“…Additionally, some NH 4 + advantages for plant N nutrition may also have contributed to increasing the leaf chlorophyll concentration, since NH 4 + requires less energy to be metabolized at the cellular level than NO 3 − (Loulakakis et al 2009).…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Influence of Nitrogen on Physiological Responses to Bicarbonate in a Grapevine Rootstock

Molina

Covarrubias

2019

J Soil Sci Plant Nutr

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The presence of bicarbonate in soils is an important inducer of nutritional deficiencies in some grapevine genotypes. The aim of this experiment was to assess the effects of different nitrogen sources on physiological variables in the grapevine rootstock 110 Richter grown in a sub-alkaline media. Plants of the grapevine rootstock 110 Richter were treated with different nitrogen sources (NO 3 − , NH 4 + , or NH 4 NO 3) in a nutrient solution enriched with bicarbonate. Root enzyme (PEPC, MDH, CS, NADP +-IDH) activities, organic acid concentrations in roots, plant growth and leaf greenness, leaf gas exchange, and mineral concentrations in leaves were determined. The presence of NH 4 + promoted an enhancement in leaf greenness, and the treated plants did not trigger physiological response mechanisms to nutritional deficiencies in the roots. However, NH 4 + decreased the leaf K concentration. On the other hand, the presence of NO 3 − in the nutrient solution decreased the leaf greenness, and increased the organic acid concentration in the roots, indicating that these plants were affected by nutritional deficiencies. Instead, intermediate results were obtained in plants treated with NH 4 NO 3. Under the experimental conditions used in this experiment, treatments did not significantly influence the plant biomass, the activity of some enzymes related to organic acids biosynthesis, and the leaf gas exchange. These results suggest that the presence of NH 4 + can be an effective strategy to alleviate the negative effects on plant nutrition induced by bicarbonate in plants, an alternative to the soil acidification through inorganic acid applications to the soil.

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“…These results suggest that fertilization with (NH 4 ) 2 SO 4 + DMPP is the most effective strategy for conserving NH 4 + in soil, in which case the trees probably prefer this N source at the expense of NO 3 -. Conversely, the application of Ca(NO 3 ) 2 increased the N-NH 4 + accumulation, suggesting a possible retarding effect on the activity of key enzymes (GS/GOGAT) linked to the conversion of NH 4 + to amino acids (Loulakakis et al, 2009). On the other hand, since the leaf total Fe concentration is not a reliable indicator of the Fe status in plants grown in calcareous soils because the total Fe concentration in chlorotic leaves are often similar or even greater than in green leaves ("chlorosis paradox" phenomena) (Römheld, 2000;Kosegarten et al, 2001), the concentration of this mineral in leaves was not considered in our investigation.…”

Section: The Leaf Chlorophyll Concentration In Plants Ismentioning

confidence: 98%

“…In addition, some NH 4 + advantages for plant N nutrition may also have contributed to the increase in leaf chlorophyll concentration such as the higher N uptake efficiency, since NH 4 + is more stable in the soil and less susceptible to leaching than NO 3 - (Zheng-Qin et al, 2010). It is also well known that NH 4 + requires less energy to be metabolized at cellular level than NO 3 - (Loulakakis et al, 2009). In fact, NH 4 + assimilation consumes from 2 to 5% of the total energy production, whereas NO 3 assimilation consumes nearly 15% (Loulakakis et al, 2009).…”

Section: The Leaf Chlorophyll Concentration In Plants Ismentioning

confidence: 99%

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Evaluation of acidifying nitrogen fertilizers in avocado trees with iron deficiency symptoms

Granja

Covarrubias

2018

J. Soil Sci. Plant Nutr.

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The control of iron chlorosis by synthetic Fe chelates is costly, and their application can have adverse environmental impacts. We investigated the effectiveness of alternative strategies to prevent Fe chlorosis in avocado based on different acidifying nitrogen fertilizers. The experiment was conducted on a commercial orchard of avocado cv. Hass cultivated in a calcareous soil. The application of (NH 4 ) 2 SO 4 was highly effective at reducing the soil pH and, when applied with a nitrification inhibitor, at increasing the leaf chlorophyll concentration in trees. Fertilization with urea was also effective at increasing leaf chlorophyll, but only when applied without a nitrification inhibitor. However, the acidifying effect of urea on the soil was significantly lower than (NH 4 ) 2 SO 4 . The different N sources also modified the concentration of N-NO 3 -, N-NH 4 + and total N within the leaves, but did not influence the length of the shoots or the leaf gaseous exchange. These results suggest that the fertilization strategy based on (NH 4 ) 2 SO 4 + DMPP or urea can be an effective and sustainable alternative to counteract Fe chlorosis symptoms in avocado trees. Our results provide evidence of the effectiveness of agronomic strategies, alternative to synthetic Fe chelates, for preventing Fe deficiency in avocado.

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Advancements in Nitrogen Metabolism in Grapevine

Cited by 11 publications

References 142 publications

Can genetic variability for nitrogen metabolism in the developing ear of maize be exploited to improve yield?

Can genetic variability for nitrogen metabolism in the developing ear of maize be exploited to improve yield?

Influence of Nitrogen on Physiological Responses to Bicarbonate in a Grapevine Rootstock

Evaluation of acidifying nitrogen fertilizers in avocado trees with iron deficiency symptoms

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