Advancements in Alpha-Targeted Radiopharmaceuticals: A Rising star in Cancer Therapy

Abstract

Currently, radiopharmaceuticals have emerged as a novel approach for tumor treatment. Alpha nuclides offer several advantages over beta nuclides, such as higher energy and a smaller radiation range. In recent years, alpha-targeted therapy has gradually developed, resulting in the approval and release of an increasing number of radiopharmaceuticals in the market. The text initially highlights the advantages of alpha nuclides in comparison to beta nuclides and Auger electrons. It then provides an overview of the fundamental structure and carrier selection of drugs used in alpha-targeted therapy. Furthermore, it presents a list of radiopharmaceuticals that were approved by the FDA between 2000 and 2020. Next, the clinical therapeutic effects and research status of three alpha nuclides are discussed, including 225Ac, 223Ra, and 227Th. These nuclides have received significant attention and are relatively mature in terms of research. Many of them have already undergone clinical trials. Finally, the text addresses the current research challenges and prospects of alpha-targeted drugs.