Advancements, Challenges, and Pathways to Sustainable Biofuel Production

Abstract

The discovery of new energy sources plays a vital role to fulfil the needs of energy and depletion of fossil fuel sources. An inclusive review of all available technologies for the synthesis of biofuels from biomass is presented. Amongst the innovative biomass conversion technologies, thermochemical technology encompasses significant potential practices and is required for expansion. Universally, biofuels are gaining importance due to the depletion of non‐renewable fuel sources in transport and industries by equivalent work proficiencies. The reaction mechanism thoroughly explores all aspects associated with reaction conditions, types of reactor, and products. Biomass thermochemical conversion technologies will be influential in producing sustainable biofuels.