Advanced ZnSnS₃@rGO Anode Material for Superior Sodium‐Ion and Lithium‐Ion Storage with Ultralong Cycle Life

Abstract

A novel and facile approach has been utilized to synthesize zinc tin sulfide@reduced graphene oxide (ZnSnS 3 @rGO) through aqueous reaction of Na 2 SnO 3 and Zn(CH 3 COO) 2 , combined with a subsequent solvothermal reaction and an annealing process. The as-prepared ZnSnS 3 @rGO nanocomposite exhibited an excellent sodium-and lithium-ion-storage performance with large specific capacity, high rate capability, and ultralong cycle life. When used in Na-ion cells, the ZnSnS 3 @rGO nanocomposite delivered a capacity of 472.2 mAh g À 1 at 100 mA g À 1 and retained a specific capacity of 401.2 mAh g À 1 after 200 cycles. In Li-ion cells, the ZnSnS 3 @rGO nanocomposite delivered a capacity of 959.2 mAh g À 1 at a current density of 100 mA g À 1 and maintained a specific capacity of 551.3 mAh g À 1 at a high current density of 1 A g À 1 upon 500 cycles. The electrochemical performance results reveal that the integration of uniformly dispersed metal elements and an interconnected carbon matrix could help release the stress of volumetric excursion and provide fast electron/ion transport, leading to a remarkable electrochemical performance.

Enabling Stable Zn Anode via a Facile Alloying Strategy and 3D Foam Structure

“…The splitting energy of 23 eV between Zn 2p3/2 and Zn 2p1/2 represents the typical binding energy for Zn 2+ , suggesting the formation of ZnO on the surface of 3D Zn–Sn–Pb alloy electrode after 4000 cycles. [ 21 ] The binding energies at 497.0 and 494.0 eV can be indexed to SnO or SnO 2 while the binding energies at 140.4 and 136.0 eV can be indexed to metallic Pb. Such findings further confirm that the existence of Sn and Pb is very beneficial to enhance the Zn electrode/electrolyte interphase stability, which is consistent with the above EIS results.…”

Pomegranate-Inspired Nitrogen-Doped Carbon-Coated Bimetallic Sulfides as a High-Performance Anode of Sodium-Ion Batteries and Their Structural Evolution Analysis

“…24−26 Therefore, combining nanostructure engineering with carbon-based materials is a reliable strategy to promote the holistic sodium storage performance of mixed transition metal sulfides. 11,27,28 Herein, inspired by the structure of natural pomegranate, composed by a hard outer pericarp and plenty of inner sarcotesta and seeds, a simple solution (hydrothermal and annealing) was used to prepare bimetallic sulfide composites with a specially designed architecture, in which many nitrogendoped carbon-coated bimetallic sulfide nanoparticles are wrapped in porous carbon spheres (FeS/NiS@NCS). Such a structure can not only effectively buffer volume changes during cycles but also largely promote the overall electronic conductivity and structural stability.…”

Rational Design of Bimetal–Organic Framework-Derived ZnSnS3 Nanodots Incorporated into the Nitrogen-Doped Graphene Framework for Advanced Lithium Storage

“…Additionally, it is observed that the I D / I G value (intensity ratio of D/G bands) of ZnSnS 3 @NG (1.13) is larger than that of pristine ZnSnS 3 (1.02), suggesting a higher disordered degree with the generation of more defects for the ZnSnS 3 @NG composite, which displays the enhanced electrical conductivity and shares a similar phenomenon in previously reported graphene-contained composites. , To further determine the graphene content in the ZnSnS 3 @NG composite, a TGA test is investigated in air from 40 to 1000 °C (Figure c). For pristine ZnSnS 3 , the two steps of weight losses from 40 to 200 and 200 to 1000 °C are ascribed to the evaporation of water and the oxidation of sulfides into oxides, respectively . In comparison, the more weight loss of ZnSnS 3 @NG is due to the absence of graphene.…”

“…For pristine ZnSnS 3 , the two steps of weight losses from 40 to 200 and 200 to 1000 °C are ascribed to the evaporation of water and the oxidation of sulfides into oxides, respectively. 31 In comparison, the more weight loss of ZnSnS 3 @NG is due to the absence of graphene. As a result, the calculated content of reduced GO in ZnSnS 3 @NG is approximately 16.3 wt % To analyze the surface chemical states of the as-obtained ZnSnS 3 @NG composite, XPS is performed.…”