Advanced Ultrasound Techniques for Neuroimaging in Pediatric Critical Care: A Review

Freeman, Colbey W.; Hwang, Misun

doi:10.3390/children9020170

Cited by 10 publications

(8 citation statements)

References 66 publications

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“…Elastography is an advanced ultrasound technique that allows for the noninvasive assessment of brain tissue stiffness [ 129 , 130 , 131 ]. Brain tissue stiffness can change with many factors, including myelination, edema, and ICP.…”

Section: Advances In Neuromonitoringmentioning

confidence: 99%

Advanced Neuromonitoring Modalities on the Horizon: Detection and Management of Acute Brain Injury in Children

Catennacio

Shin

et al. 2023

Neurocrit Care

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Timely detection and monitoring of acute brain injury in children is essential to mitigate causes of injury and prevent secondary insults. Increasing survival in critically ill children has emphasized the importance of neuroprotective management strategies for long-term quality of life. In emergent and critical care settings, traditional neuroimaging modalities, such as computed tomography and magnetic resonance imaging (MRI), remain frontline diagnostic techniques to detect acute brain injury. Although detection of structural and anatomical abnormalities remains crucial, advanced MRI sequences assessing functional alterations in cerebral physiology provide unique diagnostic utility. Head ultrasound has emerged as a portable neuroimaging modality for point-of-care diagnosis via assessments of anatomical and perfusion abnormalities. Application of electroencephalography and near-infrared spectroscopy provides the opportunity for real-time detection and goal-directed management of neurological abnormalities at the bedside. In this review, we describe recent technological advancements in these neurodiagnostic modalities and elaborate on their current and potential utility in the detection and management of acute brain injury.

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Section: Advances In Neuromonitoringmentioning

confidence: 99%

Advanced Neuromonitoring Modalities on the Horizon: Detection and Management of Acute Brain Injury in Children

Catennacio

Shin

et al. 2023

Neurocrit Care

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“…In recent years, CEUS has established itself as a beneficial and widely used diagnostic imaging method in many different areas, such as echocardiography, for the evaluation of vesicoureteral reflux and characterisation of liver neoplasms [ 10 ]. Due to a lack of clinical reports and safety studies, the use of CEUS for the assessment of brain pathology in children is, for now, still considered off-label [ 11 , 13 ].…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…The US scanner detects circulating microbubbles as strong echoes moving within the vessels in real-time, providing micro- and macrovascular information used to assess vascular perfusion of the whole brain [ 8 , 9 ]. Therefore, CEUS allows better visualisation of the cerebral vasculature in comparison to Doppler US and the evaluation of cerebral perfusion [ 7 , 10 , 11 ]. Studies in adult populations have shown that the rate of nonconclusive Doppler US examinations for determining cerebral circulatory arrest significantly reduces if CEUS is performed [ 6 , 12 ].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Contrast-Enhanced Ultrasound (CEUS) as an Ancillary Imaging Test for Confirmation of Brain Death in an Infant: A Case Report

2022

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The practices for determining brain death are based on clinical criteria and vary immensely across countries. Cerebral angiography and perfusion scintigraphy are the most commonly used ancillary imaging tests for brain death confirmation in children; however, they both share similar shortcomings. Hence, contrast-enhanced ultrasound (CEUS) as a relatively inexpensive, easily accessible, and easy-to-perform technique has been proposed as an ancillary imaging test for brain death confirmation. CEUS has established itself as a favourable and widely used diagnostic imaging method in many different areas, but its application in delineating brain pathologies still necessities further validation. Herein, we present a case report of a 1-year-old polytraumatised patient in whom CEUS was applied as an ancillary imaging test for confirmation of brain death. As CEUS has not been validated as an ancillary test for brain death confirmation, the diagnosis was additionally confirmed with cerebral perfusion scintigraphy.

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“…Immediate neonatal problems that can affect neonates range from physiological adaptation difficulties to life-threatening illnesses. Studies report that about 9% of neonates require intensive treatment in the neonatal intensive care unit -NICU (Freeman and Hwang, 2022). With the development and ongoing progress of neonatal intensive care, there has been a marked decrease in perinatal mortality.…”

Section: Specificities Of Neonatal Morbiditymentioning

confidence: 99%

“…However, clinical assessment of respiratory and circulatory dysfunction is quite reliable from earlier, with additional and readily available diagnostic tools. Quality assessment of neonatal neurological dysfunction has long been neglected, which with the use of brain ultrasound in neonates in recent decades, has been significantly altered and improved (Freeman and Hwang, 2022).…”

Section: Critically Ill Neonates In Neonatal Intensive Care Unit (Nicu)mentioning

confidence: 99%

Transfontaneal Brain Ultrasound: A Powerful Assessment Tool for Critically Ill Neonates

Hadžić¹

2023

Research in Education and Rehabilitation

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The ultrasound in medicine today is already tested and proven method,with relatively longtradition and training period.It has been versed and still tested in various branches of medicine, and among the first experiences, it was in neonatesaround the 1970s.Today, monitoring and supervision critically ill neonates, particularly premature infants, placed in incubator, is almost impossible without ultrasound. By this method, we are ableexamine and evaluate critically ill neonates at the patient's bedside, with minimum manipulating, without sedation, without anesthesia or contrast agents. Transfontaneal neonatal brain ultrasoundprovides diagnosis and assessment trend of brain changes through repeated examinations, without harmful radiation to child, which is important because in some conditions, serial examination is necessary to detect the full spectrum of lesional change. This review aims to highlight the importance of transfontanel brain ultrasound in neonates, and to provide a tool for structured neonatal brain ultrasound scanning, reporting and quality assessment.Keywords:ultrasound, brain, neonate, assessment.

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Advanced Ultrasound Techniques for Neuroimaging in Pediatric Critical Care: A Review

Cited by 10 publications

References 66 publications

Advanced Neuromonitoring Modalities on the Horizon: Detection and Management of Acute Brain Injury in Children

Advanced Neuromonitoring Modalities on the Horizon: Detection and Management of Acute Brain Injury in Children

Contrast-Enhanced Ultrasound (CEUS) as an Ancillary Imaging Test for Confirmation of Brain Death in an Infant: A Case Report

Transfontaneal Brain Ultrasound: A Powerful Assessment Tool for Critically Ill Neonates

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