Advanced treatment of water contaminated with atrazine, difenoconazole and fipronil mixture, its by-products and bio-toxicity levels

Inticher, Jonas J.; Cabrera, Liziara C.; Guimarães, Raíssa Engroff; Zorzo, Camila F.; Pellenz, Leandro; Seibert, Daiana; Borba, Fernando Henrique

doi:10.1016/j.jece.2021.105883

Cited by 15 publications

(4 citation statements)

References 94 publications

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“…Difenoconazole (triazole family) is a fungicide that interferes with the biosynthesis of ergosterol in fungi, acting mainly on the demethylation of C 14 , which causes morphological and functional alterations of the cell wall [ 4 ]. In addition, it belongs to the group of endocrine disruptors, which are known to cause damage to human health and cause acute and chronic toxicity in aquatic environments (H400 and H410, respectively, according to the classification of the Globally Harmonized System of Classification and Labelling of Chemical Products (GHS)) [ 5 , 6 ]. Atrazine (triazine family) is a herbicide that inhibits photosynthetic electron transport in leaves [ 4 ].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Atrazine (triazine family) is a herbicide that inhibits photosynthetic electron transport in leaves [ 4 ]. It is leached through the soil by rain or irrigation water until it reaches bodies of water, where it is frequently detected due to its low solubility in water [ 5 ]. In addition, atrazine is listed as hazardous [ 6 ] (acute and chronic toxicity, H400 and 410, respectively) for aquatic environments.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Toxicity of Difenoconazole and Atrazine and Their Photodegradation Products on Aquatic Biota: Environmental Implications in Countries Lacking Good Agricultural Practices

Herrera

Iñiguez–Armijos

Alcarria

et al. 2023

Toxics

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Agriculture is fundamental for human development, but it may also have a range of unwanted effects on ecosystems when pesticides inadvertently enter the environment. We determined the toxicity of difenoconazole and atrazine, as well as their photodegradation products, on the bioindicators Lemna minor and Daphnia magna. For L. minor, we assessed the number of leaves, biomass, and chlorophyll content exposed to different concentrations of difenoconazole (0–8 mg/L) and atrazine (0–3.84 mg/L). For D. magna, we assessed the mortality to difenoconazole (0–1.6 mg/L) and atrazine (0–80 mg/L). We found that the higher the concentrations of the pesticides, the higher the toxicity for both bioindicators. In L. minor, the highest toxicity for atrazine was 0.96 mg/L, whereas for difenoconazole, it was 8 mg/L. For D. magna, the 48 h LC50 for difenoconazole was 0.97 mg/L, while for atrazine, it was 86.19 mg/L. For L. minor, the toxicity of difenoconazole and atrazine was not different compared to that of their photodegradation products. In contrast, for D. magna, difenoconazole, but not atrazine, was more toxic compared to its respective photodegradation products. Pesticides are a serious threat to aquatic biota, and their photodegradation products remain toxic in the environment. Additionally, the use of bioindicators can help monitor these pollutants in aquatic ecosystems in countries where the application of pesticides is imperative for agricultural production.

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Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Toxicity of Difenoconazole and Atrazine and Their Photodegradation Products on Aquatic Biota: Environmental Implications in Countries Lacking Good Agricultural Practices

Herrera

Iñiguez–Armijos

Alcarria

et al. 2023

Toxics

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“…A review of the literature reveals an increasing interest in the study and development of electrochemical alternatives for the mineralization and biocompatibilization of agrochemicals like bentazon (Bn) [9], 2-4D [10], glyphosate [11], fipronil [12], chlorpyrifos [13], and atrazine [14]. The degree of attainable mineralization/removal in a process depends on characteristics like the configuration of the electrochemical system, the support electrolyte, and the energy consumption [10,11,15].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Electrochemical Oxidation of Bentazon at Boron-doped Diamond Anodes: Implications of Operating Conditions in Energy Usage and Process Greenness

Valladares,

Vázquez Medrano,

Prato-Garcia

et al. 2023

J. Mex. Chem. Soc.

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Abstract. We studied the mineralization of the herbicide bentazon (Bn) through advanced electro-oxidation using a non-divided modified Diachem® cell. The treatment system consisted of an array of three boron-doped diamond (BDD) electrodes: cathode-anode-cathode. The chosen variables of interest were current density (j = 0.5, 1.0, and 1.5 mA cm-2), the initial Bn concentration (10, 50, and 100 mg L-1), and the volumetric flow (v = 280, 500, and 750 mL min-1). In all cases, a 0.04 M Na2SO4 and 0.05 M NaHSO4 (pH ~ 2) solution was used as the supporting electrolyte. Results indicate that, at low current densities, up to 86 % of the Bn present in the solution can be removed (j = 1.0 mA cm-2 and v = 500 mL min-1); however, additional increases in j (from 1.0 to 1.5 mA cm-2) slightly increase (2-3 %) the removal efficiency but increase 55 % the carbon footprint and the treatment cost. Likewise, increases in the volumetric flow from 500 to 750 mL min-1 marginally affect the elimination of Bn and the removal of total organic carbon (TOC) in 1% and 4 %, respectively. The highest efficiencies for TOC (68 %) and COD (82 %) removals were obtained with the following operational conditions: j = 1.0 mA cm-2 and v = 750 mL min-1. Values obtained for the instantaneous current efficiency (ICE) showed an exponential reduction, suggesting that mass transfer influences importantly the efficiency of the process. Resumen. En este trabajo se estudió la mineralización del herbicida bentazón (Bn) por medio de electroooxidación avanzada utilizando una celda no dividida Diachem® modificada. El sistema de tratamiento consta de un arreglo de tres electrodos de diamante dopado con boro (BDD): cátodo-ánodo-cátodo. Las variables de interés seleccionadas fueron: la densidad de corriente (j = 0.5, 1.0 y 1.5 mA cm-2), la concentración inicial de Bn (10, 50 y 100 mg L-1) y el flujo volumétrico (v = 280, 500 y 750 mL min-1). En todos los casos se usó como electrolito soporte una solución de 0.04 M Na2SO4 y 0.05 M de NaHSO4 (pH ~ 2). Los resultados obtenidos indican que, a bajas densidades de corriente, se puede remover hasta el 86 % del Bn presente en solución (j = 1.0 mA cm-2 y v = 500 mL min-1); sin embargo, aumentos adicionales en j (de 1.0 a 1.5 mA cm-2) elevan ligeramente la eficiencia de remoción (2-3 %) pero incrementan hasta en un 55% la huella de carbono y el costo de tratamiento. De igual forma, incrementos en el flujo volumétrico de 500 a 750 mL min-1 afectan de forma marginal la eliminación del Bn y la remoción del carbono orgánico total (TOC) en un 1 % y 4 %, respectivamente. Las mayores eficiencias de remoción de TOC (68 %) y COD (82 %) se obtuvieron con las siguientes condiciones operativas: j = 1.0 mA cm-2 y v = 750 mL min-1. Los valores obtenidos de la eficiencia de corriente instantánea (ICE) presentaron una reducción exponencial, lo cual sugiere que la transferencia de masa tiene una influencia importante en la eficiencia del proceso.

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“…Changes in toxicity during the progressive degradation of organic molecules were already reported, [38][39][40][41][42] but only a few works were related to oxidative processes and derivative ecotoxicity, more particularly on Artemia salina. [43][44][45] A deep analysis of the literature revealed no attempts to correlate the activity and selectivity of a variety of catalysts with the ecotoxicity of oxidized mixtures.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Insight into natural medium remediation through ecotoxicity correlation with clay catalyst selectivity in organic molecule ozonation

et al. 2022

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Advanced treatment of water contaminated with atrazine, difenoconazole and fipronil mixture, its by-products and bio-toxicity levels

Cited by 15 publications

References 94 publications

Toxicity of Difenoconazole and Atrazine and Their Photodegradation Products on Aquatic Biota: Environmental Implications in Countries Lacking Good Agricultural Practices

Toxicity of Difenoconazole and Atrazine and Their Photodegradation Products on Aquatic Biota: Environmental Implications in Countries Lacking Good Agricultural Practices

Electrochemical Oxidation of Bentazon at Boron-doped Diamond Anodes: Implications of Operating Conditions in Energy Usage and Process Greenness

Insight into natural medium remediation through ecotoxicity correlation with clay catalyst selectivity in organic molecule ozonation

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