Advanced static and dynamic analysis method for helical springs of non-linear geometries

Gu, Zewen; Hou, Xiaonan; Ye, Jianqiao

doi:10.1016/j.jsv.2021.116414

Cited by 9 publications

(4 citation statements)

References 31 publications

(40 reference statements)

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“…Such immediate reflection of the laser irradiation condition permits the creation of nonlinear variable‐rate springs that provide an unconventional strain–force response. [ 42 ] We predict that more complex structures can also be jetted by an identical approach once coupled with active control of the processing parameters. Based on this mass production capability and geometrical controllability, we further expect even better high‐throughput manufacturing potential if other optical schemes, such as microlens arrays with multiple beamlets, [ 43 ] are incorporated.…”

Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Plastic Shavings by Laser: Peeling Porous Graphene Springs for Multifunctional All‐Carbon Applications

et al. 2023

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Manufacturing strategies to create three-dimensional (3D) structures with multifunctional nanomaterials are of intense interest for fabricating building blocks in many electromechanical applications. A coil spring composed of graphene provides an important step toward the realization of all-carbon devices, as it is one of the essential elements for a wide range of systems. In this connection, here an unprecedented fabrication strategy to create a new type of 3D coil spring composed of laser-induced graphene springs (LIG-S) which is spontaneously produced via the pyrolytic jetting technique, is presented. Similar to wood or metal shavings observed in traditional machining processes, a pair of LIG-S with two opposite chiralities and controllable macroscopic dimensions is produced by a single scanning of a focused continuous-wave (CW) laser on a polyimide (PI) substrate. The resulting LIG-S, plastic shavings by laser, exhibits sufficient mechanical and electrical properties to enable many applications including strain-tolerant spring electrodes, antennas, supercapacitors, gas sensors, and luminescent filaments under extreme conditions. Without using any conventional fabrication techniques or other labor-intensive, time-consuming, and expensive processes, this novel approach enables a high-throughput mass production of macro-, micro-, and nanoscale featured LIG-S that can be manufactured within seconds to realize many open opportunities in all-carbon electromechanical systems.

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Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Plastic Shavings by Laser: Peeling Porous Graphene Springs for Multifunctional All‐Carbon Applications

et al. 2023

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“…These extended theories investigate the influence of the complex internal structures of irregular helical springs on their overall mechanical properties, surpassing the traditional theories that simplify springs as several geometric parameters. Recently, an analytical model was developed to dynamically calculate the dead coils of helical springs during static compressions [ 8 ].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Analytical spring models were developed based on this theory to simulate the spring surge of helical springs working at low-speed situations [ 14 , 15 ]. An improved analytical spring model was also proposed for including the nonlinear parameters and the changing number of active coils, which, however, still failed to predict the significant spring forces caused by coil clash of springs in high-speed situations [ 8 ]. Moreover, the finite element method (FEM) was applied to represent the complex geometries of irregular springs working in both low- [ 16 ] and high-speed [ 17 ] situations.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Dynamic Finite Element Model Based on Timoshenko Beam Theory for Simulating High-Speed Nonlinear Helical Springs

Zhao

Yang

et al. 2023

Sensors

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Helical springs with nonlinear geometric parameters nowadays have shown great advantages over classical linear springs, especially due to their superior performance in diminishing dynamic responses in high-speed situations. However, existing studies are mostly available for springs with linear properties, and the sole FE spring models using solid elements occupy significant computational resources. This study presents an FE spring model based on Timoshenko beam theory, which allows for high-speed dynamic simulations of nonlinear springs using a beehive valve spring sample. The dynamic results are also compared with the results of the FE model using solid elements and the results of the engine head test and indicate that the proposed FE model can accurately predict dynamic spring forces and the phenomenon of coil clash when simulating the beehive spring at engine speeds of both 5600 and 8000 RPM. The results also indicate that rapid coil impact brings significant spike forces. It should also be noted that the FE spring model using beam elements displays sufficient accuracy in predicting the dynamic responses of nonlinear springs while occupying much fewer computational resources than the FE model using solid elements.

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“…The dynamic stiffness will change abruptly at the resonant frequency of the spring. Gu et al [11] proposed an analytical spring model with an arbitrary shape of the variable coil diameter and spring pitch, explaining and predicting the dynamic vibration response of the nonlinear honeycomb spring. The model has high accuracy in estimating the static and dynamic stiffness of the nonlinear spring.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Research on the Dynamic Characteristics of Perfluoroalkoxy Alkane Springs

Feng

Cui

et al. 2023

Materials

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Semiconductor cleaning system ultra-clean flow control pumps are critical equipment in the semiconductor industry. Among them, the perfluoroalkoxy alkane (PFA) spring is a pivotal component to control the pump, and its dynamic performance is crucial to ensure the efficient operation of the system. However, the dynamic performance of the spring is often affected by the operating frequency. This paper studied the effect of different working frequencies on the dynamic property of the spring through compression-cycle experiments under uniaxial sinusoidal excitation. The force–displacement curves under different compression frequencies were fitted to obtain the dynamic stiffness of the PFA spring under different cyclic loading frequencies. The variation in the spring’s hysteresis coefficient was evaluated using the hysteresis curves of different cyclic loading conditions. After 2 million compression experiments, the changes in dynamic stiffness, hysteresis coefficient, and spring height were investigated. The obtained results revealed that, as the frequency increases, the dynamic stiffness of the spring increases. The hysteresis coefficient of the PFA spring is the largest at 10 Hz and the smallest at 6 Hz. Upon conducting 2 million compression tests, it was discovered that the dynamic stiffness experiences the greatest attenuation rate of 4.19% at a frequency of 8 Hz, whereas the hysteresis coefficient undergoes the largest attenuation of 42.1% at a frequency of 6 Hz. The results will help to improve the design and application level of PFA springs.

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Advanced static and dynamic analysis method for helical springs of non-linear geometries

Cited by 9 publications

References 31 publications

Plastic Shavings by Laser: Peeling Porous Graphene Springs for Multifunctional All‐Carbon Applications

Plastic Shavings by Laser: Peeling Porous Graphene Springs for Multifunctional All‐Carbon Applications

Dynamic Finite Element Model Based on Timoshenko Beam Theory for Simulating High-Speed Nonlinear Helical Springs

Research on the Dynamic Characteristics of Perfluoroalkoxy Alkane Springs

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