Advanced Sensing Techniques in Electro-Mechanical Systems: Surveying the Rise of Smart Sensors and Their Implications for System Robustness

Abstract

This study presents a comprehensive review of the advancements in sensing technologies within electro-mechanical systems, with a particular focus on the emergence and impact of smart sensors. The primary aim is to evaluate how these advanced sensing techniques contribute to system robustness and efficiency. The research design includes a systematic literature review, adhering to strict inclusion and exclusion criteria to ensure a focused and relevant analysis. The review encompasses a historical perspective of electro-mechanical systems, the transition from traditional to smart sensing techniques, and the implications of these advancements for various stakeholders. Key findings highlight the evolution from conventional sensing methods to sophisticated, intelligent systems enabled by technologies such as micro-electro-mechanical systems (MEMS), the Internet of Things (IoT), and artificial intelligence (AI). Smart sensors have been shown to significantly enhance the accuracy, efficiency, and reliability of electro-mechanical systems across diverse applications. The study also discusses the opportunities and challenges presented by these technologies, including the need for robust data security, integration complexities, and the development of regulatory frameworks. Strategic recommendations are provided for industry practitioners and policymakers, emphasizing the importance of adaptable and scalable sensor technologies, enhanced data analytics capabilities, and the establishment of comprehensive standards and guidelines. The study concludes with suggestions for future research directions, focusing on the long-term impacts of these technologies, their socio-economic implications, and the exploration of their interoperability with other emerging technologies. This review contributes to the understanding of the current landscape and future prospects of sensing technologies in electro-mechanical systems, offering valuable insights for researchers, industry practitioners, and policymakers in this rapidly evolving field.
 Keywords: Smart Sensors, Advanced Sensing Technologies, Electro-Mechanical Systems.