“…In the Individual Ring, teaching improves interest in a particular field [ 104 – 106 , 125 – 127 ], influences career decisions [ 104 , 105 ], nurtures personal development/growth [ 106 , 110 , 128 – 139 ] and boosts career satisfaction [ 110 , 139 , 140 ]. In the Societal Ring, teaching increases academic [ 74 , 110 , 127 , 132 , 135 , 141 ] clinical [ 118 , 119 , 128 , 129 , 131 – 135 , 138 , 141 – 153 ] and research [ 104 , 110 , 126 , 154 – 156 ] competencies [ 110 , 118 , 119 , 130 , 136 , 137 , 139 , 143 , 149 , 155 , 157 , 158 ].…”