Advanced progress of microencapsulation technologies: In vivo and in vitro models for studying oral and transdermal drug deliveries

Lam, P. L.; Gambari, Roberto

doi:10.1016/j.jconrel.2013.12.028

Cited by 152 publications

(82 citation statements)

References 202 publications

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“…2014 senesinde yayımlanan bir derlemede mikroenkapsülasyon tekniğinin oral ve transdermal yollarla uygulanmaları halinde görülen verimlilik farkı in vivo ve invitro olarak analiz edilmiştir 21 . Bahsedilen yayında ayrıca mikroenkapsülasyon tekniklerinin farklı tipleri de doğal ve (aljinat tabanlı, jelatin tabanlı, selüloz tabanlı ve kitosan tabanlı) ve sentetik (PLO, PLGA, aljinat, kollajen, selüloz, PEG, GO-FTY720, PVA, PCL, PMAA, sodyum polisitren gibi) mikroenkapsülasyon uygulamaları olarak ayrıntılı şekilde ele alınmış ve her yaklaşımın ayrı ayrı güçlü-zayıf yanları ortaya konmuştur.…”

Section: Discussionunclassified

Mikroenkapsüle edilen paratiroid hücrelerinin in-vitro optimizasyonu

Yücesan¹,

Başoğlu²,

Göncü³

et al. 2017

Dicle Tıp Dergisi

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ÖzetAmaç: Enkapsülasyon, bir maddenin ya da bir karışımın diğer bir malzeme ya da sistemle kaplandığı ya da içine sıkıştırıldığı tekniktir. Mikroenkapsülasyon tekniği, tıp dahil olmak üzere pek çok farklı disiplin tarafından uygulanmaya çalışılan ve halen en uygun enkapsülasyon tekniğinin bulunması için araştırmaların yürütüldüğü bir tekniktir. Mikroenkapsülasyon tekniğinde birbirinden farklı maddeler uygulanabilir. Bu maddeler elde edilme kaynaklarına göre doğal ya da sentetiktir. Mikroenkapsülasyon tekniği tıp pratiğinde özellikle pankreas beta hücrelerinin, Tip 1 Diabetes Mellitus (DM) hastalarına verilmesinde kullanılmaktadır. Mikroenkapsülasyonun uygulandığı bir başka durum ise hipoparatiroidi tanılı hastalara paratiroid hücrelerinin verilmesidir. Paratiroid hücrelerinin, mikroenkapsülasyon işleminde kullanılabilebilmesinin en önemli özelliklerinden biri, hücrelerin görece homojen yapıda olmaları, eksikliğinin organizmada doğrudan gözlemlenebilir semptomlara neden olması dolayısıyla oluşacak yanıtın hızlıca belirlenebilmesidir.Yöntemler: Çalışmamızda paratiroidhiperplazisi tanısı almış insandan elde edilen paratiroid dokularından izole edilen hücreler, %2'lik ultra saf aljinat ile muamele edildi. İşlem sırasında her bir kapsül sayısı hesaplandı ve kapsül başına 5X106, 10X106, 20X106 ve 50X106 hücre eklendi. Sonrasında 75 gün boyunca içlerinde paratiroid hücresi bulunan kapsüllerin morfolojik özellikleri ve parathormonsekresyon yeteneklerinin zaman bağlı değişimi gözlemlendi. Bulgular: 75 gün sonrasında tüm gruplar için korele olarak parathormon düzeyinde düşüş tespit edildi. Kapsüler formasyonda ciddi bir bozulmanın görülmediği grup, 20X106 hücre uygulanan grup oldu. Sonuç: Çalışmamızda model olarak değerlendirdiğimiz paratiroid hücrelerinin kapsülasyonu için en uygun koşulları (kapsülasyonda kullanılacak madde, destekleyici tampon, uygulanan maddelerin yüzdeleri, miktarları) belirlendi. Ayrıca günlere bağlı olarak kapsüllerdeki bozulmalar da tespit edildi. İlerleyen çalışmalarda optimize ettiğimiz koşulların hipoparatiroidizm tanılı hasta gruplarında denenmesi ve sonuçların burada sunduğumuz in vitro deney sonuçları ile karşılaştırılması gerekmektedir.

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Section: Discussionunclassified

Mikroenkapsüle edilen paratiroid hücrelerinin in-vitro optimizasyonu

Yücesan¹,

Başoğlu²,

Göncü³

et al. 2017

Dicle Tıp Dergisi

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“…One is to slow a drug's passage through the GI system by using devices that increase friction with the gut's mucosal walls 4 . The other is to prolong retention by loading drugs into devices that are larger than the points in the gut that limit passage of materials beyond a certain size: the pyloric sphincter at the exit of the stomach and the anus 5 .…”

Section: Potential Challengesmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Significant efforts have been made using a range of materials, including bioadhesives 4 and swellable polymers 6 . But so far, systems are able to provide extended release times only on the order of hours.…”

Section: Potential Challengesmentioning

confidence: 99%

Perspective: Special delivery for the gut

Traverso

Langer

2015

Nature

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succinct analysis by former US surgeon general C. Everett Koop points the way towards the huge contribution that biomaterials technology can make to health care.The failure of patients to follow instructions for taking medication is a major barrier to effective clinical care. In developed nations, adherence to long-term therapies is only 50%, and it is much lower in developing countries and in people who take multiple drugs with complex dose regimens 1 . Medication non-adherence is estimated to cost more than US$100 billion in avoidable hospitalizations every year in the United States. Technologies that would enable extended drug release -lasting for up to several months -through the gastrointestinal (GI) tract could therefore radically improve delivery of medical therapies. This may be especially useful for patients in areas afflicted by war, regions with poor access to health care, patients suffering from psychiatric illness or dementia, and paediatric populations.There is good reason to suppose that the gut could host long-acting medication -known as depot formulations -for weeks or even months without significant adverse effects. We know this, for example, from observation of patients with bezoars -indigestible masses trapped in the GI tract that typically pose no problem until they grow quite large 2 . Patients also are generally able to tolerate intra-gastric balloons for several months 3 in their quest to lose weight. POTENTIAL CHALLENGESBut translating this possibility into a reality poses a big challenge. To begin with, the gut's typical healthy transit time (from mouth to anus) is about 30 hours. This transit would have to be extended significantly for a drug to achieve weekly or monthly dosing. Furthermore, the GI environment has tremendous variability: pH in different sections ranges from 1 (extremely acidic) to 7 (neutral). Natural variability in the timing and content of meals results in frequent changes in lipid abundance. Then there are the high bacterial loads, 100% humidity, 37 °C temperature and a huge variety of proteases, lipases and other enzymes that work against biomaterial integrity and long-term drug stability. Thus it is imperative to prolong this transit time, which in turn requires developing materials that can withstand extreme conditions while delivering the drug continuously and without compromising safety.There are two basic engineering approaches to extend transit time. One is to slow a drug's passage through the GI system by using devices that increase friction with the gut's mucosal walls 4 . The other is to prolong retention by loading drugs into devices that are larger than the points in the gut that limit passage of materials beyond a certain size: the pyloric sphincter at the exit of the stomach and the anus 5 . Also crucial to the successful development of such technologies are ways to ensure that drugs survive the harsh GI environment.Significant efforts have been made using a range of materials, including bioadhesives 4 and swellable polymers 6 . But so far, systems are...

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Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Special formulations of drugs could be drug delivery systems that provide modified release controlled by different mechanisms e.g. diffusion, osmosis, swelling and dissolution and degradation [6].Research to provide formulation of drugs and functional food products to delivery more than one active agent involve systems for drug delivery, such as nanoparticles, liposomes, nanofibers and recently also multiple emulsions. Recently there has been an increasing interest in studying novel drugs formulation on simultaneously delivery of two or more drugs to achieve better therapeutic effects due to drugs interaction.…”

mentioning

confidence: 99%

Drug-Core Double Emulsions for Co-release of Active Ingredients

Dłuska¹,

Markowska-Radomska²,

Metera³

et al. 2016

IJCEA

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I. INTRODUCTIONMultiple emulsions are complex dispersed systems that contain at least three liquid phases: inner and membrane both dispersed phases and outer continuous phase (Fig. 1). The simplest structures of multiple emulsions are double emulsions (O/W/O or W/O/W type, O -oil phase, W -water phase). The complex structure of multiple emulsions are used as carrier systems to encapsulate and delivery lipophilic and Manuscript received June 28, 2016; revised August 17, 2016. This work was supported by the National Science Centre -Poland under Grant Number 2014/13/B/ST8/04274. E. Dluska, A. Markowska-Radomska, and A. Metera from Warsaw University of Technology, Faculty of Chemical and Process Engineering, 00-645 Warsaw, Warynskiego 1 (e-mail: e.dluska@ichip.pw.edu.pl, a.markowska@ichip.pw.edu.pl, a.metera@ichip.pw.edu.pl).hydrophilic substances (e.g drugs, food additives) and living cells [1]-[3]. The inner and outer phases of multiple emulsions are separated by membrane phase that protects encapsulated active agents from damaging phenomena during processing or storage. The membrane phase also influences and modify the rate of the processes occurring in the multiple emulsionbased systems e.g. controlled release or extraction of active substances.Multiple emulsions due to ability to control the release rate provide plasma concentration of active agents in the range of therapeutic window what is extremely important in therapies controlled and modified [4]. Modified release of a drug could be delayed, sustained, controlled, organ targeted or cell receptor specific release [5]. Special formulations of drugs could be drug delivery systems that provide modified release controlled by different mechanisms e.g. diffusion, osmosis, swelling and dissolution and degradation [6].Research to provide formulation of drugs and functional food products to delivery more than one active agent involve systems for drug delivery, such as nanoparticles, liposomes, nanofibers and recently also multiple emulsions. Recently there has been an increasing interest in studying novel drugs formulation on simultaneously delivery of two or more drugs to achieve better therapeutic effects due to drugs interaction.Multiple emulsions allow hydrophilic and hydrophobic substances or even three different active agents to be encapsulated and then released in control manner. As research show double emulsion could contain such as sodium lactate, spironolactone and chlorhexidine digluconate in W/O/W double emulsion [7]. Encapsulation and release of metronidazole with ornidazole in internal and external phases of W/O/W emulsion for vaginal delivery were investigated by Özer et al. [8].The modern microencapsulation technology of bioactive substances is an important formulation strategy to multidrug therapies being involved into advanced drug delivery systems. Multidrug therapy was first proposed to the treatment of tuberculosis and is practice widely adopted against AIDS and cancer. Although in the present literature of drug delivery systems most publication...

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Advanced progress of microencapsulation technologies: In vivo and in vitro models for studying oral and transdermal drug deliveries

Cited by 152 publications

References 202 publications

Mikroenkapsüle edilen paratiroid hücrelerinin in-vitro optimizasyonu

Mikroenkapsüle edilen paratiroid hücrelerinin in-vitro optimizasyonu

Perspective: Special delivery for the gut

Drug-Core Double Emulsions for Co-release of Active Ingredients

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