“…It is therefore imperative that such colourants be eliminated from regular water bodies and supplies. In this sense, several physico-chemical technologies, such as coagulation/flocculation [ 8 , 9 ], chemical oxidation [ 10 , 11 , 12 , 13 ], ion exchange [ 14 , 15 , 16 ], membrane separation [ 17 , 18 ], electrochemical techniques [ 19 , 20 ], adsorption [ 6 , 21 ] and photo-catalysis [ 22 , 23 , 24 , 25 ], have been explored in the remediation of dye-containing wastewaters. However, drawbacks such as low efficiency, high sludge generation, intensive energy requirements, and most importantly their high installation cost associated with membrane technology [ 18 , 26 ] impede the application of such technologies for the remediation of MO.…”