Advanced Nanomaterials-Assisted Cell Cryopreservation: A Mini Review

Abstract

Cell cryopreservation is of vital significance both for transporting and storing cells before experimental/clinical use. Cryoprotectants (CPAs) are necessary additives in the preserving medium in cryopreservation, preventing cells from freeze–thaw injuries. Traditional organic solvents have been widely used in cell cryopreservation for decades. Given the obvious damage to cells due to their undesirable cytotoxicity and the burdensome post-thaw washing cycles before use, traditional CPAs are more and more likely to be replaced by modern ones with lower toxicity, less processing, and higher efficiency. As materials science thrives, nanomaterials are emerging to serve as potent vehicles for delivering nontoxic CPAs or inherent CPAs comparable to or even superior to conventional ones. This review will introduce some advanced nanomaterials (e.g., organic/inorganic nanoCPAs, nanodelivery systems) utilized for cell cryopreservation, providing broader insights into this developing field.

Surface Engineering Promoted Insulin‐Sensitizing Activities of Sub‐Nanoscale Vanadate Clusters through Regulated Pharmacokinetics and Bioavailability

“…The exploration of nanomaterials in pharmaceutical and medical applications [1,2] has awoken intense research interest…”

“…The exploration of nanomaterials in pharmaceutical and medical applications [ 1,2 ] has awoken intense research interest since they can be engineered into stimuli‐responsive nanodevices that deliver drugs or act as drugs in spatial‐, temporal‐, and dosage‐controlled fashions. [ 3 ] Nevertheless, recent research has discovered that nanoparticles (NPs) could promote in vivo breast cancer cell intravasation and extravasation by inducing endothelial leakiness.…”

Engineering living cells with cucurbit[7]uril-based supramolecular polymer chemistry: from cell surface engineering to manipulation of subcellular organelles

“…[13][14][15][16][17][18][19] For example, cell surface engineering modulating communications between the cell and its surrounding environment has led to unique applications such as selective cell-based therapy, [20][21][22] targeting drug delivery systems, [23][24][25][26] universal blood, 27,28 and cell cryopreservation. 29,30 In addition to molecular engineering of cell surfaces, substantial progress has also been made in manipulating the subcellular organelles to regulate cellular functions. Strategies for organelle-targeted intracellular synthesis and in situ selfassembly have been established to controllably interfere with cellular behaviors, including cell migration, proliferation, and apoptosis.…”

Poly(l-Ala-co-l-Lys) Exhibits Excellent Ice Recrystallization Inhibition Activity

“…Hence, many strategies have been suggested for controlling the size and shape of ice crystals, including vitrification, control of the cooling/heating rate, and the development of cryoprotectants. 3 In particular, the material-based approach is promising in that the addition of small amounts of biocompatible compounds or polymers might solve the problem without the need to change the established procedures of cryopreservation. Ice recrystallization inhibition (IRI) activity is usually assayed according to mean largest grain size (MLGS) of ice crystals formed in phosphate buffered saline (PBS) in the presence of candidate polymers.…”

“…The control of ice crystal nucleation and growth provides a pivotal technological tool not only for the food industry but also for biological products or samples that need cryopreservation, for example, cells, stem cells, COVID 19 virus vaccines, and so on. , In the cryopreservation process, physicochemical injuries to biological products can occur, and the extent of damage is closely related to the formation of ice crystals during both cooling and thawing processes. Hence, many strategies have been suggested for controlling the size and shape of ice crystals, including vitrification, control of the cooling/heating rate, and the development of cryoprotectants . In particular, the material-based approach is promising in that the addition of small amounts of biocompatible compounds or polymers might solve the problem without the need to change the established procedures of cryopreservation.…”