Advanced Nanocellulose‐Based Composites for Flexible Functional Energy Storage Devices

Abstract

With the increasing demand for wearable electronics (such as smartwatch equipment, wearable health monitoring systems, and human–robot interface units), flexible energy storage systems with eco‐friendly, low‐cost, multifunctional characteristics, and high electrochemical performances are imperative to be constructed. Nanocellulose with sustainable natural abundance, superb properties, and unique structures has emerged as a promising nanomaterial, which shows significant potential for fabricating functional energy storage systems. This review is intended to provide novel perspectives on the combination of nanocellulose with other electrochemical materials to design and fabricate nanocellulose‐based flexible composites for advanced energy storage devices. First, the unique structural characteristics and properties of nanocellulose are briefly introduced. Second, the structure–property–application relationships of these composites are addressed to optimize their performances from the perspective of processing technologies and micro/nano‐interface structure. Next, the recent specific applications of nanocellulose‐based composites, ranging from flexible lithium‐ion batteries and electrochemical supercapacitors to emerging electrochemical energy storage devices, such as lithium‐sulfur batteries, sodium‐ion batteries, and zinc‐ion batteries, are comprehensively discussed. Finally, the current challenges and future developments in nanocellulose‐based composites for the next generation of flexible energy storage systems are proposed.

The Kinetics Studies on Hydrolysis of Hemicellulose

“…The content and composition of hemicellulose vary greatly with plant species, maturity, early and late wood, cell type, and morphological position ( Scheller and Ulvskov, 2010 ). Hemicellulose pyrolysis is a fundamental thermochemical conversion process, which is a very complex reaction ( Yang et al, 2007 ; Du et al, 2021a ; Xu T. et al, 2021 ). Therefore, the exact mechanism for hemicellulose pyrolysis still needs to be explored.…”

Lignin-Based/Polypyrrole Carbon Nanofiber Electrode With Enhanced Electrochemical Properties by Electrospun Method

“…Supercapacitors rely on electrode materials for charge storage, so electrode materials are the key part of the performance of supercapacitors ( Choi et al, 2020 ; WulanSeptiani et al, 2020 ; Fu et al, 2021 ; Xu et al, 2021b ; Liu et al, 2021a ; Liu et al, 2021b ; Du et al, 2022 ). Carbon materials, such as porous carbon ( Li et al, 2019a ), graphene ( Zhou et al, 2020 ), carbon nanotubes ( Fan et al, 2020 ), and ordered mesoporous carbon ( Wang et al, 2018 ), are considered the most suitable electrode materials for supercapacitors due to their high specific surface area, developed pore structure, high electronic conductivity, and excellent stability ( Chen et al, 2020a ; Shang et al, 2020 ; Xu et al, 2020c ).…”

Effects of different amounts of cellulase on the microstructure and soluble substances of cotton stalk bark

“…As one of the three major components of plant biomass, cellulose has attracted much attention. Cellulose can be used to make paper, paperbased materials, hydrogels, and aerogel [23][24][25][26][27][28][29][30][31][32][33][34][35][36][37][38][39]. Besides, cellulose and its derivatives can be applied in the field of electrical materials [40][41][42][43][44][45].…”