Advanced Methods for Incorporating Solar Energy Technologies into Electric Sector Capacity-Expansion Models: Literature Review and Analysis

Sullivan, Patrick; Newman, Alexandra M.; Margolis, Robert

doi:10.2172/1144823

Cited by 28 publications

(29 citation statements)

References 50 publications

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“…The value of variable generation could depend on system flexibility (including storage availability), and conversely, the value of storage could depend on the level of variable generation. While having a broader scope than production cost models, CEMs typically have more limited operational detail (Sullivan, Eurek, and Margolis 2014). Existing CEMs often implicitly or explicitly include some representations of flexibilityboth the need for, and the potential supply of, flexibility (e.g., Ma et al 2013;Johnston et al 2013;Short et al 2011;EPRI 2014)-however, the computational complexity needed to simulate investment decisions necessitates simplifications that make it difficult to fully capture operational flexibility needs and contributions.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Capturing the Impact of Storage and Other Flexible Technologies on Electric System Planning

Hale

Stoll

Mai

2016

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Executive SummaryPower systems of the future are likely to require additional flexibility due to the operating characteristics of many clean energy technologies, particularly those relying on renewable energy sources. This subject has been well studied from an operational perspective, but it has been more difficult to incorporate into capacity expansion models (CEMs) that study investment decisions on the decadal scale. There are two primary reasons for this. First, the necessary input data, including cost and resource projections, for flexibility options like demand response and storage are not widely available and are highly uncertain. Second, it is computationally difficult to simultaneously represent both investment and operational decisions in detail, with the latter being necessary to adequately value system flexibility in realistic systems.The primary purpose of this report is to present new capabilities that were developed for a particular CEM, NREL's Resource Planning Model (RPM), to better reflect the impact of variable wind and solar generation on system operations and resource adequacy, and, complementarily, to model energy-constrained flexibility resources. The additional variable generation modeling capabilities enable a more-accurate representation of the need for additional flexibility in systems with high penetrations of variable generation and, as a result, better reflect the value of technologies that can provide flexibility. We demonstrate the use of the new capabilities by examining the role of two broad technological sources of flexibility in power systems-utility-scale storage and interruptible load-and we model how they might contribute to a range of grid services for operations and planning. A wide range of different energy storage technologies is modeled, including multiple types of battery technologies. We also model interruptible load, a type of demand response that can be used to reduce demand, usually during peak hours, within pre-determined capacity and duration limits.The new capabilities use load duration curves from hourly data spanning a full year, thus enabling RPM to capture the impact of variable generation and the potential value of storage and interruptible load during infrequent, but important periods and hours within the year. The techniques enable RPM to accurately calculate the need for grid services and simultaneously consider, in its investment decision, the potential for storage and interruptible load to provide value to the system in multiple distinct ways: firm capacity for resource adequacy, operating reserve provision, energy arbitrage, and reductions in renewable curtailment. The ability of storage and interruptible load to lower system costs by providing these services, as well as the capital and implementation costs and other characteristics of the flexible technologies, are factored into RPM's economic investment decisions. These new techniques adapted for RPM can also be implemented in other CEMs.Using these capabilities, we analyze deployment of storage and...

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Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Capturing the Impact of Storage and Other Flexible Technologies on Electric System Planning

Hale

Stoll

Mai

2016

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“…Whereas conventional thermal generators generally can be dispatched within some operational limits, solar-electricity output is subject to the external factor of solar irradiance. This irradiance is temporally variable and uncertain and geographically heterogeneous [5].…”

Section: Literature Reviewmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…The variability and uncertainty of the solar resource and operational characteristics adds to the system's operating-reliability burden and costs associated with additional need for ancillary services. Some of these remain difficult to address with current models and thus represent an area for future research [5]. An important and unanswered question, though, is how this additional capacity will be composed and its optimal geographical distribution.…”

Section: Literature Reviewmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…A survey [5] of four general methods for integrating non-dispatch able technologies like solar into capacity-expansion modeling, ranging from simple screening-curve calculations to simultaneous capacity-expansion modeling of dispatchable and nondispatchable generators was presented. Capacity expansion models with renewables were also carried by many others [11e15,10,16e21].…”

Section: Literature Reviewmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Advanced models account for a solar generator's capacity value (and its erosion with increasing solar penetration) and contribution to resource adequacy as well as the improved capacity value of CSP with hybrid backup or TES [5].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Least cost generation expansion planning with solar power plant using Differential Evolution algorithm

Rajesh

Bhuvanesh²,

Kannan³

et al. 2016

Renewable Energy

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a b s t r a c tThe issue of balance between the benefits of greater renewable penetration with the cost of adapting conventional base load systems is drawing the attention of power system planners across the globe. The study region, State of Tamilnadu, India, faces acute power shortages and frequent power cuts, though the installed capacity of the state is higher than the peak demand and is planning more solar additions. The impact of the inclusion of solar power plants is analyzed, for 6-year and 14-year planning horizons, using the model formulated, integrating all critical elements of the system, employing Differential Evolution (DE) algorithm. A balanced approach is adopted to understand the long term impact of solar additions by realistically imposing Total Emission Reductions Constraints (TERC), and Emission Treatment Penalty Costs (ETPC) on the remaining portion of pollution. The sensitivity of the system generation mix and the system reliability, to different solar power development and emissions reduction scenarios is also studied. The resulting variations in different cost components are also reported. The study will have greater utility for the planners who are currently involved in the long term planning of systems expected to have increasing proportion of RET plants.

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Generation Expansion Planning Using Renewable Energy Sources with Storage

Rajesh,

Ramkumar,

Rajendran

2023

Studies in Systems, Decision and Control

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Advanced Methods for Incorporating Solar Energy Technologies into Electric Sector Capacity-Expansion Models: Literature Review and Analysis

Cited by 28 publications

References 50 publications

Capturing the Impact of Storage and Other Flexible Technologies on Electric System Planning

Capturing the Impact of Storage and Other Flexible Technologies on Electric System Planning

Least cost generation expansion planning with solar power plant using Differential Evolution algorithm

Generation Expansion Planning Using Renewable Energy Sources with Storage

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