Advanced Life Support Requirements, Assumptions and Reference Missions

Ewert, Michael K.; Drysdale, Alan; Levri, Julie A.; Duffield, Bruce; Hanford, Anthony J.; Lange, Kevin; Stafford, Kristin W.

doi:10.4271/2002-01-2480

Cited by 4 publications

(8 citation statements)

References 1 publication

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“…Its presence provides a path forward within the space agriculture community for directed research. A simple assumption is to calculate values of η N and µ N from experimental measurements by 2, we assume that the total mass of N in the plant, m N , throughout its life cycle can be described by the three-parameter logistic function, giving (11) and finally…”

Section: Nitrogen Productivity Modelmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Values are out of 1. (c) Carbon content reference values 11 and approximate oxygen and hydrogen fractions typical in cultivated plants 16 ; "Other" fraction does not correspond numerically to (d,e) as shown here. (d) Compiled values for nitrogen and other macronutrient fractions in field-grown plants 17,18 .…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 96%

“…Martian agriculture (Figure 1) has been shown to be a theoretically feasible alternative to pre-packaged meals, but caloric intake alone does not fully describe the requirements for astronaut sustainability; pharmaceutical needs must also be met 1,9,11 .…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…To date, crop cultivation has been studied and characterized in many configurations (Figure 1a) as an isolated system, with the exception of some studies on air revitalization 20,21 . Correspondingly, the established crop water content fractions and edible (harvest index) and inedible fractions of biomass on a dry weight (DW) basis 11 . Values are out of 1.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Although there are some physicochemical means to recycle a subset of these elements, they are usually mass and energy intensive 13 , and they generally require additional downstream processing 14 . Given that the demand for consumable food mass scales nearly linearly with the increasing mission duration/crew size and that storage of larger quantities of food necessitates additional costs in refrigeration, storage, and power, crop cultivation provides a means for cost reduction 6,11,15 .…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Nitrogen Accountancy in Space Agriculture

Yates,

Berliner,

Makrygiorgos

et al. 2024

Preprint

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Food production and pharmaceutical synthesis are posited as essential biotechnologies for facilitating human exploration beyond Earth. These technologies not only offer critical green space and food agency to astronauts but also promise to minimize mass and volume requirements through scalable, modular agriculture within closed-loop systems, offering an advantage over traditional bring-along strategies. Despite these benefits, the prevalent model for evaluating such systems exhibits significant limitations. It lacks comprehensive inventory and mass balance analyses for crop cultivation and life support, and fails to consider the complexities introduced by cultivating multiple crop varieties, which is crucial for enhancing food diversity and nutritional value. Here we expand space agriculture modeling to account for nitrogen dependence across an array of crops and demonstrate our model with experimental fitting of parameters. By adding nitrogen limitations, an extended model can account for potential interruptions in feedstock supply. Furthermore, sensitivity analysis was used to distill key consequential parameters that may be the focus of future experimental efforts.

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Section: Nitrogen Productivity Modelmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 96%

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

See 3 more Smart Citations

Nitrogen Accountancy in Space Agriculture

Yates,

Berliner,

Makrygiorgos

et al. 2024

Preprint

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Microbial applications for sustainable space exploration beyond low Earth orbit

Koehle,

Brumwell,

Seto

et al. 2023

npj Microgravity

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With the construction of the International Space Station, humans have been continuously living and working in space for 22 years. Microbial studies in space and other extreme environments on Earth have shown the ability for bacteria and fungi to adapt and change compared to “normal” conditions. Some of these changes, like biofilm formation, can impact astronaut health and spacecraft integrity in a negative way, while others, such as a propensity for plastic degradation, can promote self-sufficiency and sustainability in space. With the next era of space exploration upon us, which will see crewed missions to the Moon and Mars in the next 10 years, incorporating microbiology research into planning, decision-making, and mission design will be paramount to ensuring success of these long-duration missions. These can include astronaut microbiome studies to protect against infections, immune system dysfunction and bone deterioration, or biological in situ resource utilization (bISRU) studies that incorporate microbes to act as radiation shields, create electricity and establish robust plant habitats for fresh food and recycling of waste. In this review, information will be presented on the beneficial use of microbes in bioregenerative life support systems, their applicability to bISRU, and their capability to be genetically engineered for biotechnological space applications. In addition, we discuss the negative effect microbes and microbial communities may have on long-duration space travel and provide mitigation strategies to reduce their impact. Utilizing the benefits of microbes, while understanding their limitations, will help us explore deeper into space and develop sustainable human habitats on the Moon, Mars and beyond.

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ESM History, Capability, and Methods

Drysdale

2003

SAE Technical Paper Series

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Advanced Life Support Requirements, Assumptions and Reference Missions

Cited by 4 publications

References 1 publication

Nitrogen Accountancy in Space Agriculture

Nitrogen Accountancy in Space Agriculture

Microbial applications for sustainable space exploration beyond low Earth orbit

ESM History, Capability, and Methods

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