Advanced Hemostatic Dressing Development Program: Animal Model Selection Criteria and Results of a Study of Nine Hemostatic Dressings in a Model of Severe Large Venous Hemorrhage and Hepatic Injury in Swine

Abstract

The hemorrhage model allowed differentiation among topical hemostatic agents for severe hemorrhage. The American Red Cross hemostatic dressing was effective and warrants further development.

Resuscitative strategies to maintain homeostasis during damage control surgery

“…Topical haemostatic agents offer the potential for more rapid anatomical control of haemorrhage and would thus be inherently beneficial. Risks include indirect tissue injury (as from the exothermic reaction of zeolite with blood), vascular uptake of thrombin leading to embolic complications, and obscuring relevant anatomy in a way that makes future definitive repair more difficult 37 . Technical development of topical haemostatic compounds, dressings and cocktails is proceeding rapidly, and it is likely that high-benefit, low-risk products will soon be used routinely for the management of haemorrhage in the OR and ED, and in the field.…”

The Navy Medical Technology Watch: Hemostatic Dressing Products for the Battlefield

“…Immediate action is highly effective in limiting patient mortality, since most bleeding fatalities occur within the first 30 minutes of the injury. It is generally accepted that hemostatic products for forward care in the battle zone must control bleeding quickly, be ready to use, simple to apply for first responders in combat situations, have a shelf life approaching 2 years, and prevent bacterial or viral transmission (Alam, Burris, DaCorta, & Rhee, 2005;Pusateri, Modrow et al, 2003).…”

Hemostatic effect of a chitosan linear polymer (Celox®) in a severe femoral artery bleeding rat model under hypothermia or warfarin therapy

“…[2] Consequently, numerous hemostatic agents have been produced in recent years, and significant improvements have been achieved in their use for traumatic hemorrhage. [2][3][4][5][6][7] These agents have become alternatives to classical methods of hemostasis like compression and tourniquet, especially for prehospital control of hemorrhage, because standard gauze field dressings and direct pressure are often inadequate in the control of hemorrhage. [8] However, the comparative evaluation of hemostatic agents in human clinical studies is very difficult, and animal studies are therefore needed.…”

“…[9] Several studies have compared the effects of hemostatic agents, but the results of these studies are controversial. [2,[4][5][6][7]9] Most of the studies investigating the effectiveness of hemostatic products have employed normothermic conditions. However, hypothermia is a frequent problem encountered in trauma patients and is related to arduous hemorrhage control and increased mortality.…”