“…Though this technology is promising due to the lowered cost of a furnace retrofit (Gonzalez et al 2015), it is not practical for air combustion due to the large volume of nitrogen that would dilute the recirculated flue gas (Zier et al 2021). Once this technology has been further studied, the potential savings of fuel input could be magnified by adding oxygen regeneration to oxy-fuel firing, preheating the cullet, and combining these technologies for added benefits (Laux et al 2019). Energy savings are up to 29% when regenerative equipment and preheating technology are installed at an oxy-fuel furnace, as calculated for a 300 ton/day container glass furnace, but this technology has only been installed in a few test locations so far.…”