Advanced Features and Industrial Applications of FPGAs—A Review

Rodríguez-Andina, Juan J.; Valdes-Pena, Maria D.; Moure, M.J.

doi:10.1109/tii.2015.2431223

Cited by 137 publications

(79 citation statements)

References 76 publications

(76 reference statements)

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“…Considering the Equations (4) and (7) and Table 5, the dynamic behavior of the system under a switching state is fully determined. For example, if vector V 1 is selected, the following equations are obtained:…”

Section: Three-phase Voltage Source Inverter Modelmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…For research purposes, three types of hardware are mainly used to achieve RTS: Digital Signal Processors (DSP), Graphic Processing Units (GPU), and Field-Programmable Gate Arrays (FPGA). At present, FPGA is the most used hardware for RTS [7]. The use of FPGA for HIL testing of power converters can be found in the references, such as [8][9][10][11][12][13][14].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Real-Time Hardware in the Loop Simulation Methodology for Power Converters Using LabVIEW FPGA

Estrada¹,

Vázquez

Vaquero

et al. 2020

Energies

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Nowadays, the use of the hardware in the loop (HIL) simulation has gained popularity among researchers all over the world. One of its main applications is the simulation of power electronics converters. However, the equipment designed for this purpose is difficult to acquire for some universities or research centers, so ad-hoc solutions for the implementation of HIL simulation in low-cost hardware for power electronics converters is a novel research topic. However, the information regarding implementation is written at a high technical level and in a specific language that is not easy for non-expert users to understand. In this paper, a systematic methodology using LabVIEW software (LabVIEW 2018) for HIL simulation is shown. A fast and easy implementation of power converter topologies is obtained by means of the differential equations that define each state of the power converter. Five simple steps are considered: designing the converter, modeling the converter, solving the model using a numerical method, programming an off-line simulation of the model using fixed-point representation, and implementing the solution of the model in a Field-Programmable Gate Array (FPGA). This methodology is intended for people with no experience in the use of languages as Very High-Speed Integrated Circuit Hardware Description Language (VHDL) for Real-Time Simulation (RTS) and HIL simulation. In order to prove the methodology’s effectiveness and easiness, two converters were simulated—a buck converter and a three-phase Voltage Source Inverter (VSI)—and compared with the simulation of commercial software (PSIM® v9.0) and a real power converter.

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Section: Three-phase Voltage Source Inverter Modelmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Real-Time Hardware in the Loop Simulation Methodology for Power Converters Using LabVIEW FPGA

Estrada¹,

Vázquez

Vaquero

et al. 2020

Energies

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“…The most widely used cores are those that describe processors. 12 The development of these processors, which are implemented in software, made it possible to extend the use of FPGAs to a large number of industrial applications.…”

Section: Hardware Architecturementioning

confidence: 99%

“…Rodríguez-Andina et al 12 presented a review of recent significant advances in the field of FPGAs. One of these is the incorporation of FPGAs with embedded processors (referred to simply as FPGA-system on a chip [SoC] in the remainder of this document), especially those designed by Altera and Xilinx based on the Cortex-A family.…”

mentioning

confidence: 99%

FPGA‐SoC implementation of an ICA‐based background subtraction method

Carrizosa-Corral

Vázquez-Cervantes

Montes

et al. 2018

Circuit Theory & Apps

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SummaryThis paper presents the development and implementation of an independent component analysis (ICA)–based background subtraction method on a field programmable gate array (FPGA) system on a chip (SoC) with embedded processor. The use of the classic form of ICA for this purpose results in a complex implementation with high hardware resource usage for an embedded system. Therefore, an alternative version of FastICA was developed that adapts directly to the parallelism offered by the FPGA. In addition, the incorporation of this version of ICA into the motion‐detection method exploits the architecture of the FPGA‐SoC with embedded processor. This recent technology complements the parallelism of the FPGA with the general‐purpose computing capacity of the processors while maintaining low energy consumption and a compact size. The above features are appropriate for autonomous devices that handle mainly background subtraction, while a central device receives this information and performs the remaining tasks required for the application. The use of processors allows a faster implementation and integration of the device into other systems in a simple manner, while the parallelism of the FPGA increases the processing speed by accelerating intensive numeric calculations. The results obtained from the implementation that uses both FPGA and the embedded processor of the SoC show an increase of 3300% in the number of frames per second compared with an implementation that uses only the embedded processor.

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“…In HIL simulation, CPUs and field‐programmable gate arrays (FPGAs) provide main hardware platforms that used for real‐time simulation of power electronic systems . FPGA has excellent parallel processing capabilities and very low I/O latency, which make it suitable for real‐time simulation of high frequency power electronic systems . However, its main disadvantages are the programming difficulty and limited hardware resources, which make it difficult to emulate very large‐scale power electronic systems .…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

A parallel modular computing approach to real‐time simulation of multiple fuel cells hybrid power system

Zhang

Liu

et al. 2019

Int J Energy Res

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Summary In this paper, a Hardware‐in‐the‐loop (HIL) simulation method for multiple fuel cells hybrid power system based on field‐programmable gate array (FPGA) + CPU architecture is presented. This paper is aiming to propose a parallel modular computing strategy in FPGA, which is used to reduce the programming difficulty and single‐step simulation time. In this strategy, different modules are modeled inside FPGA separately and are connected together to achieve the desired circuit by an interactive connection module. In this way, complex programming is not required when building a system. It only needs a combination of different modules, just like building blocks or modeling in Simulink. This strategy can reduce the programming difficulty greatly when developing complex models in FPGA. Furthermore, it is highly parallelizable to achieve a single‐step simulation time of 0.1 μs in FPGA. The simulation and experimental results demonstrate that the HIL simulation platform has the advantages of high speed, high precision, low cost, and easy to popularize.

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Advanced Features and Industrial Applications of FPGAs—A Review

Cited by 137 publications

References 76 publications

Real-Time Hardware in the Loop Simulation Methodology for Power Converters Using LabVIEW FPGA

Real-Time Hardware in the Loop Simulation Methodology for Power Converters Using LabVIEW FPGA

FPGA‐SoC implementation of an ICA‐based background subtraction method

A parallel modular computing approach to real‐time simulation of multiple fuel cells hybrid power system

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