Advanced electrochemical performance of Li4Ti5O12-based materials for lithium-ion battery: Synergistic effect of doping and compositing

Improved electrochemical properties of Li4Ti5O12–Li0.33La0.56TiO3 composite anodes prepared by a solid-state synthesis

“…To solve those problems, many effective methods have been used. Traditional methods mainly focus on the cation doping [8][9][10][11][12][13][14][15], surface modification [16][17][18][19][20], and construction of nanostructured Li 4 Ti 5 O 12 with various morphologies [21][22][23][24][25][26]. Carbon-coating and nanocrystallization were considered as very efficient ways to improve the rate capability of Li 4 Ti 5 O 12 because of the increased electronic conductivity and shortened lithium ions transport paths.…”

Modification of lithium titanate spinel by d-electron metals

“…Furthermore, spinel Li4Ti5O12 shows a very small volume variation during the charge/discharge process, consequently resulting in excellent cycle stability. Due to this fact, numerous researchers have been trying to improve its transport properties, by going to nanoscale [7,[14][15][16][17][18][19][20] or/and doping [21][22][23][24][25][26][27]. The second way is to dope with cations/anions in Li, Ti or O site; modification with d-electron metal could enhance electronic conductivity and reduce the electrode polarization.…”

Spray drying of spherical Li4Ti5O12/C powders using polyvinyl pyrrolidone as binder and carbon source

“…Recently, many researchers have concerned about doping metal ions in Li 4 Ti 5 O 12 lattice to generate some Ti 3+ ions by charge compensation, such as Zr 4+ , Si 2+ , La 3+ , Cu 2+ and Sc 3+ [8][9][10][11][12]. Meanwhile, the conductive species have been used to coat on the surface of Li 4-Ti 5 O 12 particles, such as copper, carbon, and graphene [13][14][15].…”