Advanced Dressings for Chronic Wound Management

Abstract

Wound healing, particularly for chronic wounds, presents a considerable difficulty due to differences in biochemical and cellular processes that occur in different types of wounds. Recent technological breakthroughs have notably advanced the understanding of diagnostic and therapeutic approaches to wound healing. The evolution in wound care has seen a transition from traditional textile dressings to a variety of advanced alternatives, including self-healing hydrogels, hydrofibers, foams, hydrocolloids, environment responsive dressings, growth factor-based therapy, bioengineered skin substitutes, and stem cell and gene therapy. Technological advancements, such as 3D printing and electronic skin (e-skin) therapy, contribute to the customization of wound healing. Despite these advancements, effectively managing chronic wounds remains challenging. This necessitates the development of treatments that consider performance, risk–benefit balance, and cost-effectiveness. This review discusses innovative strategies for the healing of chronic wounds. Incorporating biomarkers into advanced dressings, coupled with corresponding biosensors and drug delivery formulations, enables the theranostic approach to the treatment of chronic wounds. Furthermore, integrating advanced dressings with power sources and user interfaces like near-field communication, radio frequency identification, and Bluetooth enhances real-time monitoring and on-demand drug delivery. It also provides a thorough evaluation of the advantages, patient compliance, costs, and durability of advanced dressings, emphasizing smart formulations and their preparation methods.

Bacteria-Derived Cellulose Membranes Modified with Graphene Oxide-Silver Nanoparticles for Accelerating Wound Healing

“…Skin wounds have become an essential medical issue within the healthcare system due to the physical and financial burden they impose on patients and hospitals. − Efficient treatments for skin lesions should be performed to avoid complications during the healing process and prevent the patient’s condition from progressing into chronic wounds. Chronic skin wounds can lead to high levels of inflammation and infections due to difficulties repairing the epithelial and granular tissues. , When not adequately cared for, severe burns, pressure ulcers (decubitus), and venous ulcers can transition into chronic wounds. − Additionally, comorbidities associated with the patient, such as age, diabetes, heart disease, and obesity, can complicate wound healing. , …”