Advanced Distributed Cooperative Secondary Control of Islanded DC Microgrids

Aluko, Anuoluwapo; Buraimoh, Elutunji; Oni, Oluwafemi E.; Davidson, Innocent E.

doi:10.3390/en15113988

Cited by 18 publications

(17 citation statements)

References 30 publications

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“…Moreover, FLC can facilitate control without relying on previous data, distinguishing it from other smart controllers [54]. Notably, this control system is easily designed with minimal knowledge about the system model [55] and exhibits resilience in handling noisy sensor data and input signals, avoiding abrupt changes in control outputs [53]. FLC is employed as an alternative control approach to offer a more robust solution to control challenges in microgrids [55].…”

Section: Fuzzy-logic-based Energy Management Systemmentioning

confidence: 99%

Design and Implementation of an Energy Management System with Event-Triggered Distributed Secondary Control in DC Microgrids

Calpbinici,

Irmak,

Kabalcı

2024

Energies

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In this paper, an event-triggered distributed secondary control, along with an energy management algorithm, was developed to ensure the voltage stability and power management of a DC microgrid containing batteries and renewable energy sources, such as PV systems and wind turbines. The energy management algorithm, employing fuzzy logic control, governs power flow based on the generation status of sources and the charging rate of the battery. Consequently, the control algorithm shields the battery from overcharging and over-discharging situations, simultaneously ensuring energy quality within the microgrid. Sampled-data-based event-triggered control is integrated into the proposed distributed secondary control to alleviate communication burdens between controllers, effectively avoiding Zeno behavior. To demonstrate the efficacy of the proposed control algorithm, several experimental studies were conducted on a real DC microgrid prototype. The results obtained confirmed the controller’s effectiveness. With the proposed control algorithm, autonomous control has been developed to ensure the safe and continuous operation of loads in island-mode microgrids, incorporating PV systems, wind turbines, and batteries, while also minimizing communication overhead. This control system adeptly manages power flow, safeguards the battery against overcharging and over-discharging, and optimizes the efficiency of intermittent energy sources.

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Section: Fuzzy-logic-based Energy Management Systemmentioning

confidence: 99%

Design and Implementation of an Energy Management System with Event-Triggered Distributed Secondary Control in DC Microgrids

Calpbinici,

Irmak,

Kabalcı

2024

Energies

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“…The voltage of DC microgrids is prone to oscillation. Several factors are responsible for this, such as DC converters presenting negative damping performance, the interaction between the DC microgrid and the DC converters and the DC voltage control loop with positive feedback [107][108][109][110][111].…”

Section: Challengesmentioning

confidence: 99%

DC Microgrids: Benefits, Architectures, Perspectives and Challenges

Pires

Cordeiro

2023

Energies

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One of the major paradigm shifts that will be predictably observed in the energy mix is related to distribution networks. Until now, this type of electrical grid was characterized by an AC transmission. However, a new concept is emerging, as the electrical distribution networks characterized by DC transmission are beginning to be considered as a promising solution due to technological advances. In fact, we are now witnessing a proliferation of DC equipment associated with renewable energy sources, storage systems and loads. Thus, such equipment is beginning to be considered in different contexts. In this way, taking into consideration the requirement for the fast integration of this equipment into the existing electrical network, DC networks have started to become important. On the other hand, the importance of the development of these DC networks is not only due to the fact that the amount of DC equipment is becoming huge. When compared with the classical AC transmission systems, the DC networks are considered more efficient and reliable, not having any issues regarding the reactive power and frequency control and synchronization. Although much research work has been conducted, several technical aspects have not yet been defined as standard. This uncertainty is still an obstacle to a faster transition to this type of network. There are also other aspects that still need to be a focus of study and research in order to allow this technology to become a day-to-day solution. Finally, there are also many applications in which this kind of DC microgrid can be used, but they have still not been addressed. Thus, all these aspects are considered important challenges that need to be tackled. In this context, this paper presents an overview of the existing and possible solutions for this type of microgrid, as well as the challenges that need to be faced now.

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“…When operating in islanded mode, frequency and harmonic-related issues are non-existent. Also, there are no concerns regarding regulating reactive power, and synchronization is not required [14,15]. Addressing specific challenges is crucial to optimize the potential of this microgrid setup.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Coordinated Hybrid Approach Based on Firefly Algorithm and Particle Swarm Optimization for Distributed Secondary Control and Stability Analysis of Direct Current Microgrids

Lasabi,

Swanson,

Jarvis

et al. 2024

Sustainability

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Standalone DC microgrids can potentially influence intelligent energy systems in the future. They accomplish this by employing droop control to smoothly integrate various renewable energy sources (RESs) to satisfy energy demands. This method ensures equitable allocation of load current among RESs, promoting efficiency and smooth operation. Utilizing droop control typically leads to a reduction in the voltage of the DC bus. Hence, to uniformly distribute current among several RESs while simultaneously regulating the DC bus voltage, this research proposes a distributed secondary control technique. The proposed technique ensures fair distribution of current and eliminates bus voltage variations by integrating both current and voltage errors within the designed control loop. An innovative hybrid firefly and particle swarm optimization algorithm (FFA–PSO) is introduced to aid in parameter selection for the distributed control approach, facilitating the attainment of the intended control objectives. A DC microgrid state-space model was developed, which incorporates eigenvalue observation analysis to evaluate the impacts of the optimized secondary distributed control on the stability of the microgrid. A real-time testing setup is built using MATLAB/Simulink® R2022b software. and implemented on a Speedgoat™ real-time machine to verify the practical performance of the proposed approach in real-world applications. The results showcase the robustness of the proposed control technique in achieving voltage stabilization and even current allocation within the DC microgrid. This is evidenced by minimal oscillations and undershoots/overshoots and swift response times.

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Advanced Distributed Cooperative Secondary Control of Islanded DC Microgrids

Cited by 18 publications

References 30 publications

Design and Implementation of an Energy Management System with Event-Triggered Distributed Secondary Control in DC Microgrids

Design and Implementation of an Energy Management System with Event-Triggered Distributed Secondary Control in DC Microgrids

DC Microgrids: Benefits, Architectures, Perspectives and Challenges

Coordinated Hybrid Approach Based on Firefly Algorithm and Particle Swarm Optimization for Distributed Secondary Control and Stability Analysis of Direct Current Microgrids

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