Advanced CO2 Dispersion Simulation Technology for Improved CCS Safety

Rian, Kjell Erik; Grimsmo, B.; Lakså, Brynjar; Vembe, B. E.; Lilleheie, Nils Inge; Brox, Eivind; Evanger, Trond

doi:10.1016/j.egypro.2014.11.282

Cited by 11 publications

(8 citation statements)

References 7 publications

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“…The rupture of a CO2 pipeline will result in a series of expansion waves that propagate into the undisturbed fluid in the pipe. Significant Joule-Thomson cooling associated with the rapid expansion of the inventory can result in very low and potentially harmful temperatures in the fluid and pipe wall [11]. The precise tracking of these expansion waves and temperature variations, and their propagation as a function of time and distance along the pipeline, is necessary to predict a pipeline's propensity to fracture [9].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Pressure response and phase transition in supercritical CO2 releases from a large-scale pipeline

Guo

Yan

et al. 2016

Applied Energy

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As part of the Carbon Capture and Storage (CCS) process, pipeline transportation of dense phase CO2 is the safest and most economic option for delivering captured CO2 to a storage site .However, in the event of pipeline rupture an enormous mass of CO2 may be released very rapidly, presenting several risks to the pipeline and surrounding population including the significantly increased risk of brittle fracture in the pipe wall. The study of pressure variation and phase change in CO 2 during pipeline blowdown can contribute to the understanding of brittle fracture initiation and propagation, as well as downstream CO 2 diffusion behaviour. As part of the CO2QUEST project, a reusable, industrial scale pipeline experimental apparatus with a total length of 258 m and the inner diameter of 233 mm was fabricated to study CO 2 pipeline blowdown. A dual-disc blasting device was used to remotely control the opening of the pipeline, three different orifice diameters were used in experiments (15 mm, 50 mm and Full Bore Rupture). Different initial conditions in the inventory were achieved by heating the charged * Corresponding author.

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Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Pressure response and phase transition in supercritical CO2 releases from a large-scale pipeline

Guo

Yan

et al. 2016

Applied Energy

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“…Several experimental studies of CO 2 release were also conducted for KFX validation. The results showed 15.70% to 21.30% discrepancies in several of the validation assessments [22].…”

Section: Kfx Validationmentioning

confidence: 86%

“…Several studies have been undertaken utilizing these kinds of CFD models for ships or offshore structures [15][16][17][18][19][20]. Tools such as Kameleon Fire Ex (KFX) incorporate both gas boiling and spreading problems, a turbulence model, interactions with obstructions, and heat transfer problems to simulate unignited gas release [21][22][23].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Consequence Analysis of Accidental LNG Release on the Collided Structure of 500 cbm LNG Bunkering Ship

Nubli

Sohn

Jung³

2022

JMSE

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The growing demand for liquefied natural gas (LNG)-fueled ships necessitates the establishment of an LNG bunkering facility. Ship-to-ship (STS) is one of the most practical forms of LNG bunkering systems. Although there are benefits to the LNG bunkering of ships, risk and safety issues are a concern due to the volatile cargo. Ship collision could result in accidental LNG release. The purpose of this study was to build LNG leakage scenarios, establish critical zones based on gas concentrations, and estimate the temperature reduction in a bunkering ship’s structure resulting from the use of cryogenic fluid. The condition of a target ship’s structure, both intact and when damaged due to collision, was considered. Leak size, leak direction, leak position, release rate, and reservoir pressure were included as leak parameters, and environmental parameters, such as the wind direction, wind speed, and ambient temperature, were also included. The release duration was set based on the shutdown duration of the emergency shutdown valve (ESD). A total of 72 leakage scenarios were generated for the main CFD analysis. Convergence tests were conducted to determine the appropriate grid and iteration numbers for a computational fluid dynamics (CFD) simulation. The gas dispersion characteristics and the cryogenic flow impact on the LNG bunkering ship’s structure are discussed through a parametric study.

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“…First, once injected into pulverized coal, LCO 2 experiences a phase change from liquid to vapor and rapidly expands to more than 600 times, a high Joule–Thomson coefficient associated with pressure releases can render exceptionally low temperatures in a certain range. These characteristics lead to a prominent refrigeration and asphyxiation effect . Second, the seepage flow of the cryogenic gas generated by the phase transition of LCO 2 also impacts the temperature of coal .…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…These characteristics lead to a prominent refrigeration and asphyxiation effect. [11][12][13] Second, the seepage flow of the cryogenic gas generated by the phase transition of LCO 2 also impacts the temperature of coal. 14 Therefore, understanding the relationship between LCO 2 flow with phase transition and coal temperature is of salient interest for evaluation of LCO 2 injection effects on coal fires.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Experimental investigation of the impact of liquid carbon dioxide injection on temperature in pulverized coal

Yang

Wen

et al. 2020

Greenhouse Gases

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Using liquid carbon dioxide (LCO2) as a medium for underground coal fires prevention and control, while reducing the emissions of CO2, is a promising option for CO2 utilization worldwide. However, the mechanism of LCO2 flow with phase transition on coal temperature is still not clear. In this work, an experimental system was designed and fabricated to investigate the phase transition behavior and temperature variation during injecting LCO2 into pulverized coal and the impact of mass flow rate, nozzle diameter, and injection pressure on cooling effect. The results indicate that when LCO2 was injected into the pulverized coal, the instantaneous phase change into solid and vapor occurred just after leaving the release port. An intensive heat transfer process occurred because of the throttling effect, flashing effect, and sublimation and thereby formed a cooling area (<−56.6°C), which was the main area of cooling effect and phase transition; as injection time increases, the range of this area increases in the form of logarithmic function. In addition, the cooling area exhibited a strong dependence on the injection conditions, and its correlation with mass flow rate, nozzle diameter, and injection pressure are identified as exponential, logarithmic, and linear relationship by dimensionless analysis, respectively. Meanwhile, an empirical formula was developed for calculating the cooling effect under various injection conditions. In summary, the experiments provided fundamental data and regime for predicting the effect of LCO2 injection on the temperature of pulverized coal, which can be used to guide the utilization of LCO2 for coal fires prevention. © 2020 Society of Chemical Industry and John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.

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Advanced CO2 Dispersion Simulation Technology for Improved CCS Safety

Cited by 11 publications

References 7 publications

Pressure response and phase transition in supercritical CO2 releases from a large-scale pipeline

Pressure response and phase transition in supercritical CO2 releases from a large-scale pipeline

Consequence Analysis of Accidental LNG Release on the Collided Structure of 500 cbm LNG Bunkering Ship

Experimental investigation of the impact of liquid carbon dioxide injection on temperature in pulverized coal

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